A linguistic ethnographic approach to identity construction in in sex workers' narratives in England and Greece

英国和希腊性工作者叙事中身份建构的语言民族志方法

• 批准号: 2307461
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: King's College London
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Studentship
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2019 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=studentship-2307461
• 关键词: linguistic; ethnographic; approach; identity; construction

Most sex workers' needs remain unmet as violence, hate crimes, discrimination and social exclusionare among the problems they still face globally (Global Network of Sex Work Projects [NSWP], 2017).The majority of relevant legal frameworks, if not criminalising sex workers and the offer of paid sexualservices, criminalise either the involvement of third-parties or clients. Among others, these policiesgreatly draw on what could be broadly described as a debate between anti-sex-work and pro-sex-workscholars, where the former view sex work as a harmful cultural practice constituting a form of violence(Jeffreys, 2008) while the latter, eschewing traditional, moral understandings of sexuality, view it as alegitimate work. In England, while "policing and enforcement of prostitution is unevenly prioritised andresourced throughout the country", the sale/purchase of sexual services between consenting adults islegal but various prostitution related activities (e.g. soliciting) are illegal (All-Party Parliamentary Groupon Prostitution and the Global Sex Trade [APPG], 2014). Similarly, in Greece, sex work is regulated bylaws that no longer address the needs of the era and stigmatise sex workers (International Committeeon the Rights of Sex Workers in Europe [ICRSE], 2017), rendering it another interesting site for thestudy of sex work.To date, only a few studies have focused on sex workers' identity construction (Benoit et al., 2018;Chowdhury, 2006; Oliveira, 2017; Read, 2013), largely disregarding the mutually constitutiverelationship between language and society (Fairclough, 2013). Given that social identities areextensively (re)produced in language in its contextual use and its interactions with other semiotic modes (e.g. paralanguage, embodiment) (Koller, 2012), an in-depth analysis of discourse produced bysex workers can not only deconstruct stereotypes about them but also reveal a great deal about theiridentities and how such identities emerge, function and are embedded in interaction. Such anexploration can also offer an alternative to the more prevalent, sociological, psychological and clinicalapproaches to sex work, which focus predominantly on the factors driving entrance to sex work, itsrelationship with health and the levels of exclusion (Balfour & Allen, 2014).In view of the above, my aim in my thesis is to contribute to the linguistic and social scientificknowledge on sex workers' identity by following a linguistic ethnographic approach to examine how sexwork is discursively represented and understood in sex workers' own accounts. My PhD aims to address the following research question and sub-questions:How do sex workers in England and Greece talk about sex work and how do they present themselvesin relation to it?a) How do sex workers' gender and sexual identity affect their way of representing sex work?b) How and to what extent are sex workers' attitudes towards their job affected by clientèle andworksite?c) How do sex workers in England and in Greece talk about the legal frameworks regulating sex work intheir country?d) What aspects of the legal frameworks concerning sex work in Greece and in England are mentionedin sex workers' narratives and how are they described, evaluated and made sense of

大多数性工作者的需求仍未得到满足，因为暴力、仇恨犯罪、歧视和社会排斥是他们在全球仍然面临的问题（全球性工作项目网络[NSWP]，2017年）。大多数相关法律的框架，如果不将性工作者和提供有偿性服务定为刑事犯罪，则将第三方或客户的参与定为刑事犯罪。除其他外，这些政策在很大程度上借鉴了可以广泛描述为反对性工作和支持性工作学者之间的辩论，前者认为性工作是一种有害的文化习俗，构成了一种暴力形式（Jeffreys，2008年），而后者避开了对性行为的传统道德理解，将其视为合法的工作。在英格兰，虽然"对卖淫的监管和执法在全国各地的优先程度和资源分配不均"，但成年人之间自愿的性服务销售是合法的，但各种与卖淫有关的活动（如拉客）是非法的（关于卖淫和全球性交易的各党派议会小组，2014年）。同样，在希腊，性工作受到法律的监管，这些法律不再满足时代的需求，并对性工作者进行污名化（欧洲性工作者权利国际委员会[ICRSE]，2017），使其成为性工作研究的另一个有趣地点。迄今为止，只有少数研究关注性工作者的身份建构（Benoit et al.，二〇一八年; Chowdhury，2006年;奥利维拉，2017年; Read，2013），在很大程度上忽视了语言和社会之间的相互构成关系（Fairclough，2013）。鉴于社会身份在语言的语境使用及其与其他符号模式（如语言、具身）的互动中广泛（再）产生（Koller，2012），对性工作者话语的深入分析不仅可以解构对他们的刻板印象，而且可以揭示他们的身份以及这种身份如何出现、发挥作用并嵌入互动中。这样的探索也可以提供一种替代性工作的更流行的，社会学，心理学和临床的方法，主要集中在性工作的驱动因素，它与健康的关系和排斥程度（Balfour &艾伦，2014年）。鉴于上述情况，本文旨在通过语言民族志的方法，探讨性工作是如何被话语化的，从而为性工作者身份认同的语言学和社会科学知识做出贡献在性工作者自己的叙述中被代表和理解。我的博士学位旨在解决以下研究问题和子问题：在英国和希腊的性工作者如何谈论性工作，以及他们如何介绍自己与它的关系？a）性工作者的性别和性身份如何影响他们对性工作的表述方式？B）性工作者对工作的态度如何以及在多大程度上受到嫖客和工作场所的影响？c）英国和希腊的性工作者如何谈论他们国家规范性工作的法律的框架？d）希腊和英国关于性工作的法律的框架的哪些方面在性工作者的叙述中被提及，它们是如何被描述、评估和理解的