Listening Comprehension across the Adult Life Span

整个成年时期的听力理解

• 批准号: 6824343
• 负责人: SANDRA S HALE
• 金额: $ 30.98万
• 依托单位: WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2004
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2004-08-15 至 2008-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6824343
• 关键词: adult human (21+); age difference; behavioral /social science research tag; clinical research; cognition; comprehension; developmental psychology; hearing; human subject; mathematical model; model design /development; neural information processing; presbycusis; psychological models; psychometrics; questionnaires; reading; short term memory; sound perception; speech recognition; verbal behavior; verbal learning; visual perception

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Daily encounters with verbal information are both visual (i.e., reading text) and auditory (i.e., spoken language comprehension). Research has established that as we age, we become less efficient readers. Compared with reading comprehension, however, much less is known about how listening comprehension is affected by aging. To fill this gap in the literature, we propose to conduct the first large-scale study of the determinants of age-related differences in listening comprehension across the adult life span by testing a sample of 490 adults between the ages of 20 and 90 years. Specifically, this study will examine four potential mediators (hearing acuity, processing speed, working memory, and speech perception) of the relationship between age and listening comprehension, all of which are strongly associated with deficits in older adults. The major goal of our study will be to determine whether these mediators affect age-related deficits in listening comprehension directly or indirectly and to evaluate the relative contributions of these variables using structural equation modeling. As part of our modeling efforts, we will evaluate both the linear and non-linear effects of age. By determining the best-fitting causal model of the data, we will be able to shed light on the theoretical mechanisms underlying age-related differences in listening comprehension and, at the same time, identify where rehabilitative efforts can be most effectively directed. This project represents a unique opportunity to explore the nature of listening comprehension and the dynamics of aging on performance by bringing expertise to focus on this issue from the areas of cognitive processing, the psychology of aging, general speech perception, and aural rehabilitation.

描述（由申请人提供）：日常遇到的口头信息都是视觉（即，阅读文本）和听觉（即，口语理解）。研究表明，随着年龄的增长，我们的阅读效率越来越低。然而，与阅读理解能力相比，人们对听力理解能力如何受到年龄的影响知之甚少。为了填补这一空白的文献，我们建议进行第一次大规模的研究，年龄相关的差异，在听力理解的决定因素，在整个成年人的寿命测试样本的490名成年人之间的20和90岁。具体而言，本研究将检查年龄和听力理解之间关系的四个潜在介质（听力敏锐度，处理速度，工作记忆和言语感知），所有这些都与老年人的缺陷密切相关。我们研究的主要目标是确定这些介质是否会直接或间接地影响与年龄相关的听力理解缺陷，并使用结构方程模型来评估这些变量的相对贡献。作为我们建模工作的一部分，我们将评估年龄的线性和非线性影响。通过确定数据的最佳拟合因果模型，我们将能够揭示与年龄相关的听力理解差异的理论机制，同时确定康复努力可以最有效地指导的地方。这个项目代表了一个独特的机会，探索听力理解的性质和老化对性能的动态，通过将专业知识集中在这个问题上，从认知处理，老化心理学，一般言语感知和听觉康复领域。