Cues to grammatical relations: A cross-linguistic look

描述(申请人提供)：这项研究的目的包括进一步了解语言是如何在正常的人脑中被理解的。该项目旨在更深入地研究这些语言线索在英语和俄语成人中的相互作用。几种理解线索的预测价值，包括话语状态(之前是否提到过所指对象)、语态(动词与所指对象的关系)和词序(主语或宾语是否在动词之前)，将使用眼球跟踪范式进行探索。实验将采用交叉因素设计，以话语地位和语音(英语)或语序(俄语)为因素。参与者将一边听预先录制的句子，一边在电脑屏幕上观看图片，并使用计算机鼠标选择与句子匹配的图片。参与者将被跟踪眼睛，以便对他们在句子过程中的任何给定时间(每隔60秒)考虑哪些指称进行精细分析。还将分析反应时间(参与者点击鼠标所需的时间)和准确性(参与者是否点击了正确的图片)。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Aims of this research include furthering our understanding of how language is comprehended in the normal human brain. This project aims to make a closer investigation of the interaction of these linguistic cues, in English and Russian adults. The predictive value of several comprehension cues, including discourse status (whether a referent has been mentioned before), voice (the verb's relation to the referents), and word order (whether the subject or object comes before the verb), will be explored, using an eye-tracking paradigm. Experiments will all have a crossed factor design, with discourse status and either voice (English) or word order (Russian) as factors. Participants will view pictures on a computer screen while listening to prerecorded sentences, and will choose the picture that matches the sentence using a computer mouse. Participants will be eye-tracked, allowing for a fine-grained analysis of what referents they are considering at any given time (every 60th of a second) over the course of the sentence. Reaction time (how long participants take to make a mouse click) and accuracy (whether participants click on the correct Picture) will also be analyzed.