Interactive processing in speech perception

描述(申请人提供)：认知加工理论的中心二分法之一是基于严格前馈加工的自主理论和假设信息双向流动的交互理论。言语感知是这场辩论的一个特别有趣的战场，因为现在有大量证据表明词汇水平对音素识别的影响。一些研究人员认为，语音感知中的交互处理不受现有数据的支持，交互模型与数据非常一致。交互观点没有解决三个挑战：缺乏词汇抑制，注意力转移的影响，以及词汇中介的语音类别调整。这项拟议的研究解决了缺乏词汇抑制的问题，通过模拟来证明互动模型与现有数据是一致的，并通过实验测试进一步模拟的预测。提出了一种模型扩展，在交互框架内增加了转移注意力的机制，并通过实验验证了该机制的预测。最后，所提出的模拟测试了一种旨在解释语音类别的词汇中介调节的学习机制。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): One of the central dichotomies in theories of cognitive processing is between autonomous theories based on strictly feed forward processing and interactive theories that posit bi-directional flow of information. Speech perception is a particularly interesting battleground for this debate because there is now a vast store of evidence demonstrating lexical level effects on phoneme identification. Some researchers have argued that interactive processing in speech perception is not supported by existing data and that an interactive model is lot consistent with the data. There are three challenges that have not been addressed by the interactive view: lack of lexical inhibition, effects of shifting attention, and lexically mediated phonetic category tuning. The proposed research addresses the lack of lexical inhibition using simulations to show that an interactive model is consistent with the existing data and by experimentally testing predictions from further simulations. A model extension is proposed that adds a mechanism for shifting attention within an interactive framework and proposed experiments test predictions from this mechanism. Finally, proposed simulations test a learning mechanism designed to account for lexically mediated tuning of phonetic categories.