Interactive processing in speech perception

描述（由申请人提供）：认知处理理论中的中心二分法之一是基于严格前馈处理的自主理论和支持双向信息流的交互理论之间的二分法。言语感知是这场争论的一个特别有趣的战场，因为现在有大量的证据表明词汇水平对音素识别的影响。一些研究人员认为，语音感知中的交互式处理不受现有数据的支持，交互式模型与数据非常一致。有三个挑战，还没有得到解决的互动的观点：缺乏词汇抑制，转移注意力的影响，词汇介导的语音类别调整。拟议的研究解决了缺乏词汇抑制使用模拟表明，一个互动的模型是符合现有的数据，并通过实验测试预测进一步的模拟。提出了一个模型扩展，增加了一个机制，转移注意力的互动框架内，并提出实验测试预测从这个机制。最后，提出的模拟测试的学习机制，旨在解释词汇介导的调整语音类别。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): One of the central dichotomies in theories of cognitive processing is between autonomous theories based on strictly feed forward processing and interactive theories that posit bi-directional flow of information. Speech perception is a particularly interesting battleground for this debate because there is now a vast store of evidence demonstrating lexical level effects on phoneme identification. Some researchers have argued that interactive processing in speech perception is not supported by existing data and that an interactive model is lot consistent with the data. There are three challenges that have not been addressed by the interactive view: lack of lexical inhibition, effects of shifting attention, and lexically mediated phonetic category tuning. The proposed research addresses the lack of lexical inhibition using simulations to show that an interactive model is consistent with the existing data and by experimentally testing predictions from further simulations. A model extension is proposed that adds a mechanism for shifting attention within an interactive framework and proposed experiments test predictions from this mechanism. Finally, proposed simulations test a learning mechanism designed to account for lexically mediated tuning of phonetic categories.