Cognitive and Neural Basis of Functional Communication Deficits in Post-Stroke Aphasia

项目摘要/摘要 失语症是一种语言障碍，是中风的常见后果，具有严重的负面影响 对健康和福祉的影响。失语症的诊断继续围绕19世纪的模式进行组织 语言的神经基础，但认知神经科学在过去15-20年里的研究已经汇聚到 一种非常不同的口语认知和神经组织模型。这款当代款式 提供支持口语但不支持口语的子系统的精确计算帐户 解释这些子系统如何产生功能性通信--这一结果对 失语症患者和临床医生。这个项目的长期目标是开发理论知情的， 结合行为和神经影像信息的临床相关预后工具。总体目标 这一应用的目的是确定口述功能性沟通障碍之间的关系 语言子系统和慢性卒中后失语症的神经解剖学障碍。整个项目是 分为三个具体目标：(1)确定口语功能交流与语言缺陷之间的关系 语言子系统。我们将测试三个关键语言子系统-语义、音系学和 句子规划-在大样本中风后患者中与功能沟通有关 失语症。(2)利用病变症状识别与言语功能沟通障碍相关的病变 映射。我们将进行第一个使用多模式的口语功能交际的最小二乘模型研究 神经成像和机器学习工具发现健壮的病变与言语功能的相关性 沟通。(3)开发了慢性语言子系统和功能交际的预测模型 基于急性损伤数据的缺陷。急性期收集的常规临床神经影像数据(48-72 中风后数小时)将用于建立和评估语言亚组慢性缺陷的预测模型 系统和功能通信。在这个项目完成后，我们将确定如何 行为缺陷和损害模式与功能沟通障碍有关，并发展为 基于急性期临床神经影像的此类缺陷的预测模型。这一整合 心理语言学、神经解剖学和功能交流将提供理论知识和临床相关知识 对沟通缺陷的预测。该项目涉及NIDCD战略优先领域3(改进 诊断、治疗和预防)通过开发客观诊断和预后的神经生物标志物 对于后天的语言障碍。

Project Summary/Abstract Aphasia is an impairment of language that is a common consequence of stroke and has serious negative effects on health and well-being. Aphasia diagnosis continues to be organized around a 19th century model of the neural basis of language, but cognitive neuroscience research over the last 15-20 years has converged to a very different model of the cognitive and neural organization of spoken language. This contemporary model provides a precise computational account of the sub-systems that support spoken language, but does not explain how those sub-systems produce functional communication – the outcome that is most important to people with aphasia and to clinicians. The long-term goal of this project is to develop theory-informed, clinically-relevant prognostic tools that combine behavioral and neuroimaging information. The overall objective of this application is to determine the relationships between spoken functional communication impairments of language sub-systems, and neuroanatomical disruption in chronic post-stroke aphasia. The overall project is divided into three specific aims: (1) Determine how spoken functional communication is related to deficits in language sub-systems. We will test how the three key language sub-systems – semantics, phonology, and sentence planning – are related to functional communication in a large sample of individuals with post-stroke aphasia. (2) Identify the lesion correlates of spoken functional communication deficits using lesion-symptom mapping. We will conduct the first LSM study of spoken functional communication using multimodal neuroimaging and machine learning tools to discover robust lesion correlates of spoken functional communication. (3) Develop a prediction model of chronic language sub-system and functional communication deficits based on acute lesion data. Routine clinical neuroimaging data collected in the acute stage (48-72 hours after stroke) will be used to build and evaluate a prediction model of chronic deficits in language sub- systems and functional communication. Upon completion of this project, we will have determined how behavioral deficits and lesion patterns are related to functional communication deficits, and developed a prediction model of such deficits based on acute-stage clinical neuroimaging. This integration of psycholinguistics, neuroanatomy, and functional communication will provide theory-informed, clinically-relevant predictions of communication deficits. This project addresses NIDCD Strategic Priority Area 3 (Improving Diagnosis, Treatment, and Prevention) by developing a neural biomarker of objective diagnosis and prognosis for acquired language impairments.