Space weather at mid-latitudes: climatology, dynamics and drivers of atmospheric Joule heating

中纬度空间天气：大气焦耳热的气候学、动力学和驱动因素

• 批准号: 2432075
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Lancaster University
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Studentship
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2020 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=studentship-2432075
• 关键词: Space; weather; mid; latitudes; climatology

The Earth experiences 'space weather' that impacts the planetary environment in a variety of ways. These impacts are a recognised environmental hazard, as detailed in the UK National Risk Register. A major impact arises due to the deposition of energy in the atmosphere by Joule heating whereby charged particles, under electromagnetic forcing from the solar wind and magnetospheric dynamics, collide with the neutral constituents of the atmosphere. This can lead to atmospheric uplift (which affects satellite drag, position control and lifetime), excitation of thermospheric winds (which can couple to the lower atmosphere, affecting weather and climate) and triggering of atmospheric gravity waves (which can transport energy and momentum throughout different layers of the atmosphere and across the globe).This project utilises a range of international space physics facilities to study the characteristics, variability, dynamics, and drivers of Joule heating. In particular, it will employ ionospheric plasma measurements and computational models to determine the importance of ionospheric electric fields in our efforts to model Joule heating. The ultimate goal of the project is to produce a state-of-the-art model to forecast the Joule heating response to changes in the solar wind and geomagnetic activity.

地球经历的“太空天气”以各种方式影响行星环境。这些影响是公认的环境危害，详见英国国家风险登记册。一个主要的撞击是由于焦耳加热在大气中沉积能量，带电粒子在太阳风和磁层动力学的电磁强迫下与大气中的中性成分发生碰撞。这会导致大气层上升（影响卫星阻力、位置控制和寿命）、热层风的激发（可与低层大气耦合，影响天气和气候）和触发大气重力波（可在大气层不同层和整个地球仪输送能量和动量）。该项目利用一系列国际空间物理学设施，焦耳加热的可变性、动力学和驱动因素。特别是，它将采用电离层等离子体测量和计算模型，以确定电离层电场在我们的焦耳加热模型中的重要性。该项目的最终目标是建立一个最先进的模型，预测焦耳加热对太阳风和地磁活动变化的反应。