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Impact on DNA-Based Paternity Testing on Families

基于 DNA 的亲子鉴定对家庭的影响

基本信息

批准号：
6797302
负责人：
DAVID M BISHAI
金额：
$ 8.18万
依托单位：
JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2003
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2003-09-01 至 2006-02-28
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6797302
关键词：
DNA children clinical research family genetics genetic screening human subject interview outcomes research paternal behavior questionnaires

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): As of 1999 there were 280,000 DNA-based paternity tests conducted annually in the US. This number is rapidly increasing both due to subsidies from the Office of Child Support Enforcement (OCSE). These tests are one of many ways that paternity is established for the purposes of establishing a child support order, but little is known about their direct effect on families. It is possible that a man's transition from uncertainty over paternity to certain inclusion or exclusion as the father of the child could dramatically alter both parents' behavior. Until more is known about the family context in which these paternity tests are obtained it will be difficult to isolate the behavioral effects triggered by the information contained in the test results from confounding background factors. How exogenous are the test results? This study will tabulate administrative data on 100,000 DNA-based paternity test subjects whose tests are performed by Orchid Gene Screen Inc. This company is by far, the leading vendor of paternity testing services to OCSE offices throughout the U.S. By assessing the race, age, region, referral source, and test result of these subjects we hope to better understand the descriptive demography of the U.S. population of OCSE paternity test subjects. To better understand the social and behavioral factors of test subjects we will conduct surveys from the mothers and alleged fathers receiving testing in 200 paternity cases from 4 Maryland counties. The survey will assess current level of contact with the child, pre-test expectations of test outcome, and SES independently for each adult. Test result data will be available for consenting subjects. We will alert all respondents of the potential for longitudinal follow up of child outcomes (funded by a subsequent R01). If social factors explain little of the variation in test results, then paternity test information could exogenously improve child outcomes. If better fathers are more likely to test positive in a paternity test then one may entertain skepticism that the test results actually change parental behavior.

描述（由申请人提供）：截至1999年，美国每年进行280,000次基于dna的亲子鉴定。由于儿童抚养执行办公室（OCSE）的补贴，这一数字正在迅速增加。这些测试是建立亲子关系以建立子女抚养令的许多方式之一，但对其对家庭的直接影响知之甚少。一个男人从对父亲身份的不确定转变为作为孩子父亲的某种包容或排斥，可能会极大地改变父母双方的行为。在对获得亲子鉴定的家庭背景有更多了解之前，很难将检测结果中包含的信息所引发的行为影响与混杂的背景因素区分开来。测试结果有多外生？本研究将对10万名dna亲子鉴定对象的管理数据进行制表，这些测试由兰花基因筛选公司进行。到目前为止，该公司是美国OCSE办公室亲子鉴定服务的主要供应商。通过评估这些受试者的种族、年龄、地区、推荐来源和测试结果，我们希望更好地了解美国OCSE亲子鉴定受试者的描述性人口统计。为了更好地了解测试对象的社会和行为因素，我们将对来自马里兰州4个县的200个亲子鉴定案例中接受测试的母亲和据称是父亲的人进行调查。调查将评估当前与孩子的接触水平，测试前对测试结果的期望，以及每个成年人独立的SES。测试结果数据将提供给同意的受试者。我们将提醒所有应答者对儿童结果进行纵向随访的可能性（由后续R01资助）。如果社会因素对测试结果的差异解释得很少，那么亲子鉴定信息可能会外生性地改善孩子的结果。如果更好的父亲更有可能在亲子鉴定中呈阳性，那么人们可能会怀疑测试结果是否真的改变了父母的行为。