Mediterranean connections : Venetian trading networks in the 14th century

地中海联系：14世纪的威尼斯贸易网络

• 批准号: 2435224
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: University of Oxford
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Studentship
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2020 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=studentship-2435224
• 关键词: Mediterranean; connections; Venetian; trading; networks

1. Research aimsThe topic of my work is Venetian commercial networks in the light of Mediterranean historyand cross-cultural contacts, proposing a new approach to the economic history of Venice.My research will analyse the intricate connections of Venetian trade across the Mediterranean.Using post mortem dossiers of 14th century traders will permit the merchants biographies to bestudied in depth. Firstly, it will seek to show that Venetian trade was not centered solely in theEastern Mediterranean. Secondly, it will challenge the historiography which asserts that asupremacy of state-convoys over private trade and cabotage. Thirdly, the analysis of post mortemdossiers will allow for an holistic analysis of merchant networks and of their biographies,reconstructing whether commerce constituted the only investment of those usually mediumsizedmerchants or if other forms of investment did play a role2. HistoriographyAs for a brief summary of the relevant literature, three different fields will be taken intoconsideration, namely transnational history, Venetian commercial history, and network theoriesregarding medieval trade.Firstly, as for transnational history, it is an irreplaceable tool in a double way. Mediterraneanhistory, and more specifically the notion of "connectivity", proposed by Horden and Purcell,will be fundamental to this inquiry. Secondly, global history will be equally important, andparticularly the notion of global micro-history and of global biographies.Turning to Venetian commercial history, it must be underlined that Venetian commerce hastraditionally been examined in the light of long distance trade, but three leading scholars (Lane,Luzzatto, and Faugeron) have already highlighted how crucial short and medium distance tradewas. Secondly, the definition of Venetian possessions as colonies, has recently being challengedby Ortalli and Orlando, defining the Venetian polity as a "commonwealth". Thirdly, theanalysis of medieval trade in terms of cross - cultural interactions and trade networks will beimportant to this inquiry.3. SourcesThe main source of my research, along with the deliberations of the Senate and of the MaggiorConsiglio, trade agreements and commercial sources preserved in the Commemoriali and inmiscellanies, will be the documents preserved in the Procuratori di San Marco, a magistraturecharged with the task of administering post mortem bequests and which preserved manydocuments which would have been normally destroyed, such as commercial letters, cargo lists,and books of account.4. MethodAs for the methodology, 10 significant case studies will be taken into account and the name ofeach testator will be used to reconstruct the network of each merchant.The choice of 10 different merchants operating in 10 different trading places of theMediterranean, will allow a comprensive study of Venetian medieval trade. For each dossier allcommercial documentation will be analysed and afterward a comprehensive study of the familyof this operator, of fellow merchants from the same parish and of the general trends forVenetian trade regarding that specific place will be carried out.In conclusion, my research will be an application of micro-history to the global context. Asingle biography of a Venetian merchant may become the theoretical tool to understand thecomplex world of medieval long- distance and coastal trade, and to assess both conflicts withinthe communities, cross-cultural interactions and trade networks.The examination of 10 case studies will also allow both a qualitative and quantitative analysis :the qualitative approach will be used to describe the bibliographies and the categories ofcommercial documents, whereas the quantitative will be quintessential to assess the extent ofthe networks and to determine what were the main market places used by Venetians.

1.研究目的我的工作主题是威尼斯的商业网络在地中海历史和跨文化接触的光，提出了一种新的方法来研究威尼斯的经济史。我的研究将分析威尼斯贸易在地中海的错综复杂的联系。使用死后档案的14世纪商人将允许商人传记进行深入研究。首先，它将试图表明，威尼斯的贸易并不仅仅集中在东地中海。第二，它将挑战史学，即国家船队凌驾于私人贸易和沿海贸易之上。第三，对死后档案的分析将允许对商人网络及其传记进行全面分析，重建商业是否构成了那些通常中型商人的唯一投资，或者其他形式的投资是否确实发挥了作用。在对相关文献的简要总结中，本文将从三个不同的领域，即跨国史、威尼斯商业史和中世纪贸易的网络理论来考虑：首先，跨国史是一种不可替代的工具，具有双重性;中世纪历史，更具体地说，“连接”的概念，提出了由霍顿和珀塞尔，将是根本的这一调查。其次，全球史也同样重要，尤其是全球微观史和全球传记的概念。谈到威尼斯的商业史，必须强调的是，威尼斯的商业一直是根据长途贸易来研究的，但三位主要学者（莱恩、卢扎托和福热龙）已经强调了中短途贸易的重要性。其次，威尼斯殖民地的定义，最近受到Ortalli和Orlando的挑战，将威尼斯政体定义为“联邦”。第三，从跨文化互动和贸易网络的角度对中世纪贸易进行分析将对本研究具有重要意义.来源我的研究的主要来源，沿着参议院和MaggiorConsiglio的审议，贸易协定和商业来源保存在Commemoriali和Inmissibilies，将是保存在Procuratori di San Marco的文件，一个负责管理死后遗产的机构，保存了许多通常会被销毁的文件，如商业信件，货物清单，和账簿。方法在研究方法上，选取了10个重要的案例研究，并以每个遗嘱人的名字为依据，重构了每个商人的网络，选择了10个不同的商人，在地中海的10个不同的贸易地点经营，这将使我们对威尼斯中世纪的贸易进行全面的研究。对于每一份档案，所有的商业文件都将被分析，然后对这个经营者的家庭，来自同一教区的商人以及威尼斯贸易的一般趋势进行全面的研究。总之，我的研究将是微观历史在全球范围内的应用。一个威尼斯商人的传记可能成为理解中世纪长途和沿海贸易的复杂世界的理论工具，并评估社区内的冲突，跨文化的互动和贸易网络。对10个案例的研究也将允许定性和定量分析：定性方法将用于描述商业文件的书目和类别，而量化将是评估网络范围和确定威尼斯人使用的主要市场的典型方法。