Causes and Effects of Compliance with OSHA Standards

遵守 OSHA 标准的原因和影响

• 批准号: 6760861
• 负责人: John Mendeloff
• 金额: $ 15.48万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH AT PITTSBURGH
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2003
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2003-06-01 至 2006-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6760861
• 关键词: cost effectiveness; data collection methodology /evaluation; governmental health /scientific organization; health related legal; industry; information systems; job performance; mathematical model; occupational health /safety; statistics /biometry

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This project will provide new insights into the determinants of compliance with OSHA standards and into the effects of compliance on the total factor productivity and capital investment at inspected establishments. This information can, in turn, be used to estimate the costs of compliance. All of these contribute to our understanding of the OSHA enforcement process, which is arguably the central public policy intervention addressing occupational injuries and illnesses. The knowledge gained can also help OSHA target its enforcement efforts. This project will create a dataset linking information on OSHA inspections from 1972 to the present with confidential establishment-level Census data, the Longitudinal Research Database, which combines economic data from the Census of Manufacturers, conducted every 5 years, and the Annual Survey of Manufacturers. Although a similar dataset has been extensively used to study EPA enforcement over the last decade, this will be the first time it has been used to study OSHA. Until now, studies of the determinants of compliance have used only the information available in OSHA's own inspection data system. No prior studies have been able to use establishment level data to explore the impact of OSHA compliance on plants' productivity. In addition to examining overall patterns of compliance, this research will focus on compliance with health standards, compliance with new standards, and compliance with standards which have been found to be clearly related to the prevention of injuries. Regression analyses will examine a number of different measures of compliance, adding explanatory variables on establishment characteristics (plant age, wage levels, capital investment, and productivity) and firm characteristics (size and profitability) to the variables already in the OSHA file. Regressions will also be used to examine the effects of compliance on capital spending, productivity, and other measures of the establishment' s economic performance. Adjustments to address the potential endogenity of these variables will be carried out. The information on productivity and investment will be used to make estimates of the compliance costs entailed by the lead and cotton dust standards adopted in the late 1970s, and compare them to prospective estimates of those compliance costs derived during the standard-setting process.

描述(由申请人提供)：该项目将为符合OSHA标准的决定因素以及遵守对被检查机构的全要素生产率和资本投资的影响提供新的见解。反过来，这些信息可以用来估计合规成本。所有这些都有助于我们对OSHA执行过程的理解，这可以说是解决职业伤害和疾病的中央公共政策干预。获得的知识还可以帮助OSHA确定其执法工作的目标。 该项目将创建一个数据集，将1972年至今的OSHA检查信息与机密的机构级普查数据、纵向研究数据库和制造商年度调查相结合，纵向研究数据库结合了每5年进行一次的制造商普查的经济数据。 尽管在过去十年里，一个类似的数据集已经被广泛用于研究EPA的执行情况，但这将是它第一次被用于研究OSHA。到目前为止，对遵从性决定因素的研究只使用了OSHA自己的检查数据系统中提供的信息。以前没有研究能够使用建立水平的数据来探索OSHA遵守对植物生产力的影响。 除了审查总体遵守模式外，这项研究还将侧重于遵守健康标准、遵守新标准以及遵守已被发现与预防伤害明显相关的标准。 回归分析将检查一些不同的合规性衡量标准，在OSHA文件中已有的变量中添加有关企业特征(工厂年限、工资水平、资本投资和生产率)和企业特征(规模和盈利能力)的解释性变量。回归还将被用来检验合规对资本支出、生产率和其他衡量机构S经济业绩的指标的影响。将进行调整，以应对这些变量的潜在内生性。 关于生产率和投资的信息将用于估计1970年代末通过的铅尘和棉尘标准所需的履约成本，并将其与在制定标准过程中得出的这些履约成本的预期估计数进行比较。