Which Safety Standards Matter?

描述(由申请人提供)：研究界对遵守特定安全标准如何有助于预防伤害知之甚少。只有几项研究讨论了这个问题，尽管更好的理解将有助于OSHA在机构中更好地针对其检查；这将帮助检查员决定在他们到达工地后重点关注哪些违规行为。这里提出的研究将通过考察在减少违反特定标准后结果的变化，系统地审查遵守这些标准的影响。除了检查受伤人数的变化外，这项研究还将通过使用 工人补偿数据，以衡量公司因特定标准后下降的工伤类型而遭受的经济损失。进入市场的有效性 合规性还取决于其持续时间。我们开发了新的方法来估计符合不同标准的平均持续时间。此外，我们提供了似乎是第一个特定于标准的合规成本估计。为了获得我们的发现，我们将使用几个不同的数据集。这些数据包括加利福尼亚州和宾夕法尼亚州的工人补偿数据，以及全国职业伤害和疾病调查的数据。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The research community knows very little about how coming into compliance with specific safety standards contributes to injury prevention. Only a few studies have addressed this issue even though a better understanding would help OSHA target its inspections better among establishment; and it would help the inspector decide which violations to focus on once they arrived at a worksite. The research proposed here will systematically examine the effects of compliance with particular standards by looking at changes in outcomes following the abatement of violations of those standards. In addition to examining the change in the number of injuries, the study will also look at their severity by using workers' compensation data to measure the financial losses that firms suffer as a result of the types of injuries that decline after specific standards are cited. The effectiveness of coming into compliance also depends upon its duration. We develop new methods to estimate the average duration of compliance with different standards. In addition, we provide what appear to be the first standard-specific estimates of the costs of compliance. To obtain our findings, we will use several different data sets. These include workers' compensation data from California and Pennsylvania as well as data from the national Survey of Occupational Injuries and Illnesses.