Which Safety Standards Matter?

摘要 研究界对如何遵守特定的安全标准知之甚少 有助于预防伤害。只有几项研究解决了这个问题，尽管有更好的 了解将有助于OSHA在建制派中更好地针对其检查；它将有助于 检查员决定在到达工作现场后应重点关注哪些违规行为。这里提出的研究将 通过观察结果的变化，系统地检查遵守特定标准的影响 在减少了违反这些标准的行为之后。除了检查数量的变化外， ，这项研究还将通过使用工人补偿数据来衡量财务状况，以考察其严重性 公司因伤害类型而遭受的损失，在引用特定标准后有所下降。这个 合规的有效性还取决于其持续时间。我们开发了新的方法来估计 符合不同标准的平均持续时间。为了获得我们的发现，我们将使用几种不同的 数据集。这些数据包括加利福尼亚州和宾夕法尼亚州的工人补偿数据，以及来自 全国职业伤害和疾病调查。

Abstract The research community knows very little about how coming into compliance with specific safety standards contributes to injury prevention. Only a few studies have addressed this issue even though a better understanding would help OSHA target its inspections better among establishment; and it would help the inspector decide which violations to focus on once they arrived at a worksite. The research proposed here will systematically examine the effects of compliance with particular standards by looking at changes in outcomes following the abatement of violations of those standards. In addition to examining the change in the number of injuries, the study will also look at their severity by using workers' compensation data to measure the financial losses that firms suffer as a result of the types of injuries that decline after specific standards are cited. The effectiveness of coming into compliance also depends upon its duration. We develop new methods to estimate the average duration of compliance with different standards. To obtain our findings, we will use several different data sets. These include workers' compensation data from California and Pennsylvania as well as data from the national Survey of Occupational Injuries and Illnesses.