Neurocognition, Nicotine and Polysubstance Abuse

神经认知、尼古丁和多物质滥用

• 批准号: 6898579
• 负责人: SARA JO NIXON
• 金额: $ 34.39万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF KENTUCKY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2002
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2002-09-30 至 2007-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6898579
• 关键词: African American; Native Americans; alcoholism /alcohol abuse; anxiety; child behavior disorders; clinical research; cognition; depression; detoxification; drug addiction antagonist; gender difference; human subject; nicotine replacement; patient oriented research; racial /ethnic difference; short term memory; substance abuse related disorder; transdermal drug delivery

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Current research is providing much needed data regarding the effects of chronic drug use on brain-behavior relations. This literature addressing the neurobehavioral concomitants of long-term substance use disorders (SUDs), however, is marked by considerable heterogeneity There are a number of factors which may contribute to this outcome. One likely contributor is the failure to account for the influence of the frequent use/abuse of the stimulant, nicotine. This second revision seeks five years of funding to address the role of nicotine in functionally compensating for the long-term neurocognitive effects of chronic substance abusers (SA s). Specifically, we propose to test the hypothesis that nicotine's cognitive enhancing properties, particularly as evidenced in working memory and attentional processes may serve to counterbalance or functionally overcome the negative effects observed in chronic SAs. The design entails the direct comparison of male and female abstinent, detoxified SA s (n=216) assigned to subgroups on the basis of their primary drug of abuse and current clinical diagnostic information with community controls (smoking and non-smoking; n=144) equated on geographic and demographic variables. In addition to responding to this question, the current design will also extend the on-going work regarding differences among drug using subgroups regarding cognitive compromise. Using a double-blind placebo controlled study, we propose to study the effect of three levels of nicotine via transdermal administration (0, 7 and 21 mg patches) in treatment-seeking SA and community controls (equal numbers of males and females). If the hypotheses are supported, existing research may underestimate the effects of chronic drug use on specific cognitive processes. These findings would have considerable clinical and scientific import. As a secondary aim, we plan to investigate associations among relevant, and understudied, demographic variables, including depressive symptoms, childhood behavioral disorders and anxiety symptomatology. Furthermore, we intend to examine the role of race/ethnicity, gender and family history of SUDs. To facilitate this secondary aim, we have instituted plans to over-sample American Indians (Al), African American (AA) and female participants.

描述（由申请人提供）：当前的研究提供了有关长期使用药物对脑行为关系影响的急需数据。然而，这本针对长期物质使用障碍（SUD）神经行为伴随的文献以相当多的异质性为特征，有许多因素可能有助于这种结果。一个可能的贡献者是未能说明经常使用/滥用刺激剂尼古丁的影响。第二次修订寻求五年的资金来解决尼古丁在功能上补偿慢性药物滥用者（SA S）的长期神经认知效应中的作用。具体而言，我们建议检验以下假设：尼古丁的认知增强特性，特别是在工作记忆和注意力过程中证明的可能有助于平衡或在功能上克服慢性SAS中观察到的负面影响。 该设计需要根据其主要的滥用药物和当前的临床诊断信息（吸烟和非吸烟; n = 144）的主要药物来直接比较男性和女性戒毒，排毒的SA S（n = 216）（n = 216），这些药物分配给亚组。除了回答这个问题外，当前的设计还将扩展有关使用亚组在认知妥协方面的药物之间差异的持续工作。使用双盲安慰剂对照研究，我们建议通过透皮施用（0、7和21 mg斑块）在寻求治疗的SA和社区控制（男性和女性数量）中研究三个水平的尼古丁级别的影响。如果支持假设，现有的研究可能会低估慢性药物使用对特定认知过程的影响。这些发现将具有相当大的临床和科学进口。 作为次要目的，我们计划调查相关和研究的人口统计学变量之间的关联，包括抑郁症状，儿童行为障碍和焦虑症状。此外，我们打算研究种族/种族，性别和泡沫家族史的作用。为了促进这一次要目标，我们制定了计划过度样本的美国印第安人（AL），非裔美国人（AA）和女参与者。