Neonatal Chest Phantom for Computed Radiography Testing

用于计算机放射检查测试的新生儿胸部体模

• 批准号: 6880564
• 负责人: Steven Don
• 金额: $ 54.35万
• 依托单位: GAMMEX, INC.
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2005
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2005-01-10 至 2007-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6880564
• 关键词: bioimaging /biomedical imaging; clinical research; computer assisted diagnosis; computer program /software; diagnosis quality /standard; digital imaging; human subject; image processing; model design /development; newborn human (0-6 weeks); phantom model; pneumothorax disorder; respiratory distress syndrome of newborn; thoracic radiography

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The principle of ALARA (as low as reasonably achievable) has been developed to reduce the risk of induced malignancy from radiation exposure, In practice this requires a rigorous quality control process for clinical operations in radiology. Currently, a critical tool (a radiographic test phantom) needed for quality control is not commercially available for computed radiology and digital radiography. The application's long-term goal is to develop a new class of phantoms and objective system performance tools for use in digital radiographic systems. These devices will be used to address emerging needs in computed radiography and digital radiography. These needs include (1) quality control procedures for daily operations, (2) quality assurance methods to evaluate products arid perform acceptance testing, (3) quality assurance methods for optimizing system operating parameters, and (4) development tools for manufacturers to assess new hardware and software products. Because neonatal chest radiography is a technically challenging procedure, with profound radiation dose implications, a prototype neonatal chest phantom was successfully developed in Phase I and is the focal point for Phase II phantom development. The neonatal chest phantom will be developed to simulate the disease states of pneumothorax and hyaline membrane disease. An observer's ability to diagnose these two disease states will test system resolution and noise, respectively. An automated objective system performance tool will also be developed to measure quantifiable parameters, such as resolution (modulation transfer function), noise (noise power spectrum), and detector efficiency (detective quantum efficiency). Phase II has two Specific Aims: 1) Clinical Validation of the Neonatal Chest Phantom in Normal and Disease States; 2) Clinical Validation of the Objective System Performance Tool. Successful neonatal chest phantom design will be determined by the appearance and histogram analysis of images; the attenuation values of anatomic structures; and the diagnostic performances of radiologists for detection of disease states within the phantom. Successful objective system performance tool design will be determined by agreement with established methods of calculating quantitative parameters. The commercial applications are driven by the phantom's clinical significance, which is to assure optimal equipment performance and minimize x-ray exposure, thereby reducing the concomitant risk of induced malignancy to neonates.

描述（由申请人提供）： ALARA（尽可能低）的原则是为了降低辐射暴露诱发恶性肿瘤的风险，实际上，这需要放射学临床操作的严格质量控制流程。目前，质量控制所需的关键工具（射线照相测试体模）尚未在商业上用于计算机放射学和数字射线照相。该应用程序的长期目标是开发用于数字射线照相系统的新型体模和物镜系统性能工具。 这些设备将用于满足计算机放射线照相和数字放射线照相的新兴需求。这些需求包括（1）日常运营的质量控制程序，（2）评估产品和执行验收测试的质量保证方法，（3）优化系统运行参数的质量保证方法，以及（4）制造商评估新硬件和软件产品的开发工具。 由于新生儿胸部X光检查是一项技术上具有挑战性的程序，具有深远的辐射剂量影响，因此在第一阶段成功开发了原型新生儿胸部体模，并且是第二阶段体模开发的焦点。将开发新生儿胸部模型来模拟气胸和透明膜病的疾病状态。观察者诊断这两种疾病状态的能力将分别测试系统分辨率和噪声。还将开发自动物镜系统性能工具来测量可量化参数，例如分辨率（调制传递函数）、噪声（噪声功率谱）和探测器效率（探测量子效率）。第二阶段有两个具体目标：1）正常和疾病状态下新生儿胸部模型的临床验证； 2) 客观系统性能工具的临床验证。 成功的新生儿胸部模型设计将取决于图像的外观和直方图分析；解剖结构的衰减值；以及放射科医生检测体模内疾病状态的诊断性能。成功的目标系统性能工具设计将取决于与计算定量参数的既定方法的一致。商业应用是由模型的临床意义驱动的，即确保最佳的设备性能并最大限度地减少 X 射线暴露，从而降低新生儿诱发恶性肿瘤的风险。