Multilevel Dynamics of Conditional Control Mechanisms

条件控制机制的多级动力学

• 批准号: 6845733
• 负责人: GIN MCCOLLUM
• 金额: $ 23.48万
• 依托单位: LEGACY EMANUEL HOSPITAL AND HEALTH CENTER
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2002
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2002-03-01 至 2007-02-28
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6845733
• 关键词: body movement; computational neuroscience; mathematical model; posture; sensorimotor system; vestibular nuclei; vestibular pathway; vestibuloocular reflex

DESCRIPTION:(provided by applicant) Much of our time is spent performing routine movements that redirect our gaze and postural orientation. Many posture and gaze movements induce a pivot, bend, or displacement of the body axis. The vestibular nuclei of the brainstem play a key role in sensing these axial movements and in adjusting the axial musculature. The goal of the proposed studies is to construct the overall logical structure of the vestibular nuclei as a sensorimotor integration unit, as part of a long-term project to provide a functional interpretation of motor control using mathematical descriptors. Because the vestibular nuclei serve the axial movements in particular, we believe that the axial movements plus the vestibular nuclei can be viewed as a unified, multilevel system within which the vestibular nuclei recombine sensory information to support particular movement phases. This system interacts with other neural centers, such as the cerebellum, as it does with the environment. In order to demonstrate the nature of this multilevel system, we will develop a mathematical framework to characterize sensorimotor integration of axial movements by the vestibular nuclei. The present proposal focuses on movements that repeat in a nearly cyclic manner. The first Specific Aim is to mathematically characterize a range of near-cyclic axial movements involving the head and trunk. For example, the gaze shifts in watching such games as tennis and ping-pong will be characterized within a range of movements differing in frequency and amplitude. Besides gaze and scanning movements, near-cyclic movements include maintaining trunk and head posture and orientation during locomotion. The second Specific Aim is to extend the mathematical characterization from a behavioral level to include the near-cyclic processes in the vestibular nuclei that mediate sensorimotor integration of each range of axial movements. Because the processes in the vestibular nuclei may have different ranges, these two Specific Aims will be repeated until the mathematical framework characterizes unified, multilevel functions of the system as a whole. The proposed studies will clarify axial movement control in healthy individuals and patients, along with the sensorimotor integration provided by the vestibular nuclei. Our studies focus on movements and mechanisms of immediate clinical relevance. For example, vestibular patients respond strongly to specific movements. Simple tasks such as grocery shopping can become extremely difficult in these cases because of the disequilibrium resulting from a combination of an intricate gaze activity -- scanning grocery shelves -- with balance and locomotion. On the other hand, head movements have been found clinically to aid a significant group of vestibular patients with standing balance. The development of a logical structure linking such repetitive movements to similarly near-cyclic processes in the vestibular nuclei should advance our understanding of these and other poorly understood impairments of sensorimotor integration.

描述：(申请人提供) 我们的大部分时间都花在做常规动作上，这些动作会改变我们的凝视方向 和姿势定位。许多姿势和凝视动作会导致轴心、弯腰、 或身体轴线的位移。脑干的前庭核团起着 在感知这些轴向运动和调整轴向运动中的关键作用 肌肉学。拟议研究的目标是构建整体 作为感觉运动整合单位的前庭核团的逻辑结构， 作为提供马达功能解释的长期项目的一部分 使用数学描述符控制。 因为前庭核团特别服务于轴向运动，所以我们 相信轴向运动加上前庭核团可以被视为 前庭核团重组感觉的统一的多层次系统 支持特定运动阶段的信息。该系统与 其他神经中枢，如小脑，就像它对环境所做的那样。 为了演示这个多层次系统的性质，我们将开发一个 表征轴向传感器-电机集成的数学框架 前庭核团的运动。本提案的重点是调动 这种重复几乎是以循环的方式进行的。 第一个具体目标是从数学上刻画一系列近循环的 涉及头部和躯干的轴向运动。例如，视线转移到 观看网球和乒乓球这样的比赛将在一个 在频率和幅度上不同的运动范围。除了凝视和 扫描运动，近周期运动包括保持躯干和头部 在运动过程中的姿势和方向。第二个具体目标是扩展 从行为层面的数学表征，以包括 前庭核团中调节感觉运动的近周期突起 每一系列轴向运动的整合。因为中的进程 前庭核团可能有不同的范围，这两个特定的目标将是 不断重复，直到数学框架呈现出统一、多层次的特征 系统作为一个整体的功能。 拟议中的研究将阐明健康个体的轴向运动控制。 和患者，以及由 前庭核团。我们的研究集中在即刻的运动和机制上 临床相关性。例如，前庭病人对 特定的动作。像去杂货店购物这样的简单任务可能会变得非常复杂 在这些情况下很困难，因为 一项复杂的凝视活动--扫描杂货架--与 平衡和移动。另一方面，发现了头部的运动 临床上帮助一组重要的前庭患者站立 平衡。一种逻辑结构的发展，将这种重复的 前庭核团中类似的近周期突起的运动应该 促进我们对这些和其他知之甚少的损害的理解 传感器马达集成。