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Multilevel Dynamics of Conditional Control Mechanisms

条件控制机制的多级动力学

基本信息

批准号：
7008873
负责人：
GIN MCCOLLUM
金额：
$ 22.93万
依托单位：
LEGACY EMANUEL HOSPITAL AND HEALTH CENTER
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2002
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2002-03-01 至 2007-08-28
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION:(provided by applicant) Much of our time is spent performing routine movements that redirect our gaze and postural orientation. Many posture and gaze movements induce a pivot, bend, or displacement of the body axis. The vestibular nuclei of the brainstem play a key role in sensing these axial movements and in adjusting the axial musculature. The goal of the proposed studies is to construct the overall logical structure of the vestibular nuclei as a sensorimotor integration unit, as part of a long-term project to provide a functional interpretation of motor control using mathematical descriptors. Because the vestibular nuclei serve the axial movements in particular, we believe that the axial movements plus the vestibular nuclei can be viewed as a unified, multilevel system within which the vestibular nuclei recombine sensory information to support particular movement phases. This system interacts with other neural centers, such as the cerebellum, as it does with the environment. In order to demonstrate the nature of this multilevel system, we will develop a mathematical framework to characterize sensorimotor integration of axial movements by the vestibular nuclei. The present proposal focuses on movements that repeat in a nearly cyclic manner. The first Specific Aim is to mathematically characterize a range of near-cyclic axial movements involving the head and trunk. For example, the gaze shifts in watching such games as tennis and ping-pong will be characterized within a range of movements differing in frequency and amplitude. Besides gaze and scanning movements, near-cyclic movements include maintaining trunk and head posture and orientation during locomotion. The second Specific Aim is to extend the mathematical characterization from a behavioral level to include the near-cyclic processes in the vestibular nuclei that mediate sensorimotor integration of each range of axial movements. Because the processes in the vestibular nuclei may have different ranges, these two Specific Aims will be repeated until the mathematical framework characterizes unified, multilevel functions of the system as a whole. The proposed studies will clarify axial movement control in healthy individuals and patients, along with the sensorimotor integration provided by the vestibular nuclei. Our studies focus on movements and mechanisms of immediate clinical relevance. For example, vestibular patients respond strongly to specific movements. Simple tasks such as grocery shopping can become extremely difficult in these cases because of the disequilibrium resulting from a combination of an intricate gaze activity -- scanning grocery shelves -- with balance and locomotion. On the other hand, head movements have been found clinically to aid a significant group of vestibular patients with standing balance. The development of a logical structure linking such repetitive movements to similarly near-cyclic processes in the vestibular nuclei should advance our understanding of these and other poorly understood impairments of sensorimotor integration.

描述：（由申请人提供）我们的大部分时间都花在了改变视线的日常动作上和姿势方向。许多姿势和凝视运动会引起枢轴、弯曲、或身体轴线的位移。脑干前庭核团发挥着在感测这些轴向运动和调整轴向运动方面发挥着关键作用肌肉组织。拟议研究的目标是构建总体前庭核团作为感觉运动整合单元的逻辑结构，作为提供运动功能解释的长期项目的一部分使用数学描述符进行控制。因为前庭核团特别服务于轴向运动，我们相信轴向运动加上前庭核团可以被视为统一的多级系统，其中前庭核团重新组合感觉支持特定运动阶段的信息。该系统与其他神经中枢，例如小脑，就像它与环境的关系一样。为了展示这个多级系统的性质，我们将开发一个表征轴向感觉运动整合的数学框架前庭核团的运动。目前的提案重点关注运动以近乎循环的方式重复。第一个具体目标是从数学上描述一系列近循环涉及头部和躯干的轴向运动。例如，目光转向观看网球和乒乓球等比赛的特点是频率和幅度不同的运动范围。除了目光和扫描运动，近循环运动包括维持躯干和头部运动过程中的姿势和方向。第二个具体目标是扩展从行为层面的数学表征，包括介导感觉运动的前庭核团的近循环过程整合每个范围的轴向运动。因为过程中的前庭核团可能有不同的范围，这两个具体目标将是重复直到数学框架呈现出统一的、多层次的特征系统的整体功能。拟议的研究将阐明健康个体的轴向运动控制和患者，以及由前庭核团。我们的研究重点是即时的运动和机制临床相关性。例如，前庭患者反应强烈具体动作。简单的任务，比如买杂货，可能会变得非常困难。在这些情况下很困难，因为不平衡导致复杂的注视活动（扫描杂货货架）与平衡和运动。另一方面，发现头部运动临床上帮助大量前庭患者站立平衡。连接这些重复的逻辑结构的发展前庭核中类似的近循环过程的运动应该增进我们对这些和其他知之甚少的缺陷的理解感觉运动整合。