Multifunction Prosthesis Control using Implanted Sensors

描述(由申请人提供)： 目前假体的局限性不是设备本身，而是缺乏足够的独立控制源。一个能够读取肌肉内肌电信号的系统将极大地增加可用于假肢控制的控制源的数量。目前最先进的电动假手通常是单自由度(打开/关闭)设备，通常利用肌电控制来实现。目前需要多自由度控制的假肢大多采用顺序控制。按照目前的实施，顺序控制速度很慢。我们计划开发一种多通道/多功能假手/手臂控制器系统，能够接收和处理多达16个植入的双极差分肌电(EMG)电极的信号。一个外部假肢控制器将使用模糊逻辑从植入的电极通过经皮磁链路发送的遥测数据中破译用户意图。同样的连接将为植入的电极提供电力。 。西北大学将开发多功能假肢控制器，并进行必要的动物实验，以展示植入的装置。 。芝加哥康复研究所将进行动物实验，并帮助进行人体实验。 。伊利诺伊理工学院将开发可单独寻址的集成电路肌电传感器组件。每个传感器都将装在阿尔弗雷德·E·曼基金会提供的Bion(R)密封包装中。 。西门子公司将开发经皮遥测链路(或读卡器)。一种定制设计的专用集成电路(ASIC)将从链路的遥测中“剥离”数据，并将其发送到假肢控制器。植入电极的供电也将由ASIC控制。感应环的外部线圈将被层压到假体插座中。 该系统各组成部分的开发将并行进行。在接下来的几年里，1-2个人体受试者的细丝研究将被用来开发多功能假肢控制算法。植入电极和读取器专用集成电路的初始硅将在第一年年底准备好。封装电极准备好进行动物试验，原型读取器将在第二年年中准备好。第三年预计将经历初始系统集成和迭代测试-重新设计周期。最终的设计预计将在第四年年中准备好进行最终测试和调整。最后一年将用于进行最终的系统集成。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The limitation of current prostheses is not the devices themselves but rather the lack of sufficient independent control sources. A system capable of reading intra muscular EMG signals would greatly increase the number control sources available for prosthesis control. Current state-of-the-art electric prosthetic hands are generally single DOF (opening/closing) devices often implemented with EMG control. Current prosthetic arms requiring multi-DOF control most often use sequential control. As currently implemented, sequential control is slow. We propose to develop a multichannel/multifunction prosthetic hand/arm controller system capable of receiving and processing signals from up to sixteen implanted bipolar differential electromyographic (EMG) electrodes. An external prosthesis controller will use fuzzy-logic to decipher user intent from telemetry sent over a transcutaneous magnetic link by the implanted electrodes. The same link will provide power for the implanted electrodes. . Northwestern University will develop the multifunctional prosthesis controller and perform the animal experiments necessary to demonstrate the implanted devices. . Rehabilitation Institute of Chicago will perform animal experiments and help with human subject experiments. . Illinois Institute of Technology will develop individually addressable integrated circuit EMG sensor packages. Each sensor will be housed in BION(r) hermetically sealed packages provided by the Alfred E. Mann Foundation. . Sigenics Corp. will develop the transcutaneous telemetry link, (or reader). A custom-designed application specific integrated circuit (ASIC) will "strip" the data from the link's telemetry and send it to the prosthesis controller. Powering of the implanted electrodes will also be controlled by the ASIC. The external coil of the inductive link will be laminated into a prosthetic socket. Development of each component of the system will occur in parallel. Throughout years 1 & 2 fine wire studies with human subjects will be used to develop multifunctional prosthesis control algorithms. Initial silicon for the implanted electrodes and reader ASIC will be ready by end of year 1. Packaged electrodes ready for animal testing and a prototype reader will be ready the middle of year 2. Year 3 is expected to be spent going through initial system integration and iterative test-redesign cycles. A definitive design is anticipated to be ready for final testing and tweaking by the middle of year 4. The final year will be spent conducting the final systems integration.