Power Hungry: Fuel Cells Harvesting Biofluids for Renewable Power of Wearable Medical Devices

电力需求旺盛：燃料电池收集生物流体，为可穿戴医疗设备提供可再生能源

• 批准号: 10237207
• 负责人: RICHARD Fergus ffrench WEIR
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: VA EASTERN COLORADO HEALTH CARE SYSTEM
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-10-01 至 2022-09-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10237207
• 关键词: Acids; Address; Animal Experimentation; Anions; Anodes; Architecture; Area; Arteriovenous fistula; Award; Baclofen; Blood; Blood Glucose; Blood Vessels; Blood flow; Brain; Cathodes; Cells; Clinical; Collaborations; Development; Device or Instrument Development; Devices; Dialysis patients; Dialysis procedure; Drops; Electricity; Electrodes; Electrolytes; Electronics; Ensure; Equipment; Forearm; Formulation; Future; Glucose; Goals; Goretex; Harvest; Hour; Human; Implant; Information Dissemination; Institutes; Journals; Label; Limb Prosthesis; Mechanics; Medical; Medical Device; Membrane; Metals; Methods; Miniaturization; Mission; Nature; Output; Pacemakers; Patients; Peer Review; Physiological; Polymers; Power Sources; Production; Property; Prosthesis; Protons; Pump; Regulation; Research; Research Peer Review; Route; Shapes; Shunt Device; Solid; Source; Stream; Surface; Surgeon; System; Technical Expertise; Technology; TimeLine; Upper Extremity; Vascular blood supply; Venous; Vision; Weight; Wireless Technology; Work; alkalinity; base; biomaterial compatibility; catalyst; deep brain stimulator; density; design; energy density; experience; experimental study; glucose transport; implanted sensor; improved; in vivo; light weight; materials science; miniaturize; new technology; novel; oxidation; prototype; reaction rate; rehabilitation research; relating to nervous system; standard of care; sugar; symposium; technology validation; warfighter; wearable device; wearable sensor technology; wound

Our ultimate goal is to create an alkaline fuel cell that uses blood sugars as a renewable power source for implantable and wearable medical devices. We believe the components and technologies needed to create such a device have come of age and that an opportunity exists to develop a system that integrates these components to produce a clinically viable system in terms of size, power, and efficiency. If successful, this will be a completely novel technology using blood sugar as a fuel source for an alkaline fuel cell. A fuel cell of this nature would enable long-term, renewable power for implanted and/or wearable medical devices. Circuits with super- capacitors or rechargeable batteries will help with power management4. In its final formulation, it is possible to envision a small spiral wound membrane-based fuel cell packaged into a device the size of three AA batteries that uses body-harvested sugars to produce electrical power for medical devices. For the purpose of this SPiRE development project as a first step we propose to develop an external glucose- based fuel cell as a technology demonstrator. Such a system might have advantages over standard battery technology in terms of energy density, size, and weight but the real goal is to allow us to research and address the pitfalls surrounding implementation of this technology and to enable us to have discussions with clinicians, such as vascular surgeons and the like, on how to best advance and deploy this technology in people. For this SPiRE award. We will: • Create a bench-top fuel cell using off-the-shelf materials, an anion exchange membrane, and electronics. • Develop an intrinsic fuel cell architecture using glucose as a fuel source as a proof-of-concept. The methods of this project build upon existing technical expertise, collaborations, and equipment already used by Dr. Weir’s and Dr. Pellegrino’s research groups. We will implement an alkaline electrolyte rather than the typical acid electrolyte. The alkaline electrolyte in our experiment is a solid polymer electrolyte known as an anion exchange membrane (AEM). Anion exchange membranes (AEM) offer benefits over traditional proton exchange membranes (PEM). Anion exchange membranes do not require noble metal catalysts and have low fuel crossover. AEM’s also have been shown to have high power density when compared to proton exchange membrane (PEM) glucose fuel cells. In our study, we will use a highly ionically conductive AEM developed and provided by Dr. Chulsung Bae of Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute (RPI). This state-of-the-art membrane will reduce the need for a basic glucose media enabling in-vivo or ex-vivo bio-medical applications. Our membrane electrode assembly, consisting of the anode, cathode, and AEM, will be placed in a standard 10 cm2 fuel cell stack. We completely acknowledge that the route to fully implantable fuel cells must pass through other hurdles, such as biocompatibility; nonetheless, the current materials advances allow us to operate abiotic catalytic oxidation of glucose with locally high pH conditions. We will explore glucose concentrations which mimic the concentration in blood in anticipation of future development, and we will develop a prototype standalone appropriately packaged external fuel cell in a shape, size, and weight suitable for use in a trans-radial prosthesis. No human and/or animal research will take place at this early stage of development. Our team has experience across all aspects of the project. Dr. Pellegrino’s expertise in material science and membranes ensures the design of the fuel cell will improve upon prior technology. Dr. Segil’s electromechanical design experience in upper limb prosthetic components will inform the miniaturization and packaging of the device. Dr. Weir’s prior work on implantable sensors, wireless power technology, and medical device development will facilitate the design of the power stabilization electronics. 1

我们的最终目标是创造一种使用血糖作为可再生能源的碱性燃料电池 可植入和可穿戴的医疗设备。我们相信创建这样的产品所需的组件和技术 一种设备已经成熟，存在开发集成这些组件的系统的机会 在大小、功率和效率方面生产临床上可行的系统。如果成功，这将是一个完全 使用血糖作为碱性燃料电池燃料来源的新技术。这种性质的燃料电池将 为植入式和/或可穿戴医疗设备提供长期、可再生的电力。电路具有超级- 电容器或充电电池将有助于电源管理。在其最终的表述中，有可能 设想一种小型螺旋缠绕膜基燃料电池，封装成三节AA电池大小的装置 它使用体内收获的糖来为医疗设备生产电力。 为了这个SPIRE开发项目的目的，作为第一步，我们建议开发一种外部葡萄糖- 以燃料电池为基础的技术示范。这样的系统可能比标准电池有优势 技术在能量密度、大小和重量方面，但真正的目标是允许我们研究和解决 围绕这项技术实施的陷阱，并使我们能够与临床医生进行讨论， 例如血管外科医生之类的人，关于如何最好地在人类身上推进和部署这项技术。为了这个 尖顶奖。我们会： ·使用现成材料、阴离子交换膜和电子设备制造台式燃料电池。 ·开发一种使用葡萄糖作为燃料来源的固有燃料电池架构作为概念验证。 该项目的方法建立在已有的技术专长、协作和设备的基础上 被韦尔博士和佩莱格里诺博士的研究小组使用。我们将实施碱性电解液，而不是 典型的酸性电解液。我们实验中的碱性电解液是一种固体聚合物电解液，称为 阴离子交换膜(AEM)。阴离子交换膜(AEM)具有传统质子无法比拟的优点 交换膜(PEM)。阴离子交换膜不需要贵金属催化剂，成本低 燃料跨界车。与质子交换相比，AEM也被证明具有高功率密度 膜(PEM)葡萄糖燃料电池。 在我们的研究中，我们将使用由Chulung Bae博士开发和提供的高离子导电性AEM 伦斯勒理工学院(RPI)。这种最先进的膜将减少对碱性葡萄糖的需求 能够实现体内或体外生物医学应用的介质。我们的膜电极组件，由 阳极、阴极和AEM将被放置在一个标准的10 cm2燃料电池堆中。我们完全承认 获得完全可植入燃料电池的路线必须通过其他障碍，如生物兼容性；尽管如此， 目前的材料进展使我们能够在局部高pH的情况下进行葡萄糖的非生物催化氧化 条件。我们将探索模拟血液中葡萄糖浓度的浓度，以期 未来的发展，我们将开发一个原型独立的适当包装的外部燃料电池在一个 适用于跨桡骨假体的形状、大小和重量。任何人类和/或动物研究都不会需要 处于发展的早期阶段。 我们的团队在项目的各个方面都有经验。佩莱格里诺博士在材料科学和 薄膜确保燃料电池的设计将在现有技术的基础上进行改进。塞吉尔博士的机电 在上肢假肢部件的设计经验将有助于小型化和包装的 设备。威尔博士之前在植入式传感器、无线电源技术和医疗设备方面的工作 该系统的研制将为电力稳压电子产品的设计提供便利。 1