An Investigation into Operations Research (OR) Methods for the Demand and Supply-side Modelling of Donor Human Milk Banks

供体母乳库需求侧和供给侧建模的运筹学 (OR) 方法研究

• 批准号: 2444456
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF EXETER
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Studentship
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2020 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=studentship-2444456
• 关键词: Investigation; into; Operations; Research; Methods

Recently, national initiatives in Scotland (NHS Scotland, 2016), Wales (Addis, et al., 2018) and England (NHS England, 2017), have emphasised co-production, "ensuring that the voices of people with lived experience are included in decision-making, from commissioning to co-design and co-delivery" (McNally, 2016), to be embedded "not just sometimes but all the time" in service provision. Reportedly, coproduction has led to improvements to service provision, with reduced burden of illness, improved treatment, and reduced costs (e.g. in oncology (Basch, et al., 2017) and rheumatology (Essen & Lindbland, 2013)). Co-production is relevant to the proposed project objectives below. Literature Gaps and Research Questions Despite the health benefits and long-term financial savings associated with pDHM use, the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE, 2010) provides no recommendations on clinical usage of pDHM. Battersby et al. (2018) highlights non-uniform use of pDHM across NICUs in England in 2012-13. Otherwise no information has been found in the literature on: policy variations for pDHM provision between NHS Trusts/hospitals; stakeholder engagement (co-production) in determining policies; characteristics of donors; actual or achievable donation volumes in the UK, or any links between pDHM provision and subsequent donation rates. Furthermore, no information has been found on any aspect of operations (including supply and demand sides) or robustness (for instance contamination events or equipment failures) of milk banking in the UK. Given the above, high-level research questions, and associated linked objectives, follow: Question-1. What are the characteristics of the full-cycle of human milk donation, milk banking, and hospital use, in the UK, including policy-setting and public engagement? Objective: Understand structures of relationships between donors, milk banks, Trusts/hospitals, recipients, including degree of stakeholder involvement in policy-setting, across NHS Trusts. Understand policy variations between NHS Trusts and if any observable benefits due to stakeholder participation in pDHM policy-setting Objective: Assess if scope to increase co-production exists, and if so its potential benefits Question-2 How might changes in policy and public attitudes influence supply and demand and the quality of life of recipient families? Objective: Understand characteristics of donor supply-side (to milk banks) and determine the correlation between donation rates and pDHM provision Objective: Establish the donor supply-side constraints vs. potential increased demand Question-3. Is the milk banking system in the UK operationally efficient and robust? Objective: Build a model with stakeholder engagement, allowing exploration of the operational aspects and robustness of milk banking in the UK.

最近，苏格兰（NHS苏格兰，2016年）、威尔士（阿迪斯等人，2018年）和英格兰（NHS英格兰，2017年）强调共同制作，“确保具有生活经验的人的声音被纳入决策，从委托到共同设计和共同交付”（McNally，2016年），“不仅仅是有时，而是一直”嵌入服务提供中。据报道，联合生产改善了服务提供，减轻了疾病负担，改善了治疗，降低了成本（例如，在肿瘤学方面（Basch等人，2017）和风湿病学（埃森和林德布兰德，2013））。联合制作与以下拟议项目目标有关。 文献空白和研究问题尽管使用pDHM具有健康益处和长期经济节省，但国家健康与护理卓越研究所（NICE，2010）没有提供关于pDHM临床使用的建议。巴特斯比等人（2018）强调了2012-13年英格兰NICU中pDHM的非均匀使用。除此之外，文献中没有发现以下信息：NHS信托基金/医院之间pDHM供应的政策变化;利益相关者参与（联合生产）确定政策;捐赠者的特征;英国实际或可实现的捐赠量，或pDHM供应与随后的捐赠率之间的任何联系。此外，尚未发现有关英国牛奶库运营（包括供需双方）或稳健性（例如污染事件或设备故障）的任何方面的信息。鉴于上述情况，高层次的研究问题，以及相关的关联目标，如下：问题1。在英国，母乳捐赠、母乳银行和医院使用的全周期有哪些特点，包括政策制定和公众参与？目的：了解捐助者之间的关系结构，牛奶银行，信托/医院，收件人，包括利益相关者参与政策制定的程度，整个NHS信托。了解NHS信托之间的政策变化，以及由于利益相关者参与pDHM政策制定而产生的任何可观察到的利益目标：评估是否存在增加共同生产的范围，如果存在，其潜在利益问题-2政策和公众态度的变化如何影响供应和需求以及受援家庭的生活质量？目的：了解捐赠者供应方（母乳银行）的特征，并确定捐赠率与pDHM供应之间的相关性目标：确定捐赠者供应方限制与潜在需求增加。英国的牛奶银行系统在运作上是否有效和稳健？目标：建立一个利益相关者参与的模型，允许探索英国牛奶银行的运营方面和稳健性。