Visual Coding and the Deployment of Attention

视觉编码和注意力的部署

• 批准号: 6893372
• 负责人: ANNE MARIE TREISMAN
• 金额: $ 33.18万
• 依托单位: PRINCETON UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1998
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1998-08-15 至 2008-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6893372
• 关键词: attention; behavior test; behavioral /social science research tag; clinical research; color visions; functional magnetic resonance imaging; human subject; neural information processing; neuropsychology; short term memory; visual perception

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This proposal is to continue and extend the research begun on my previous grant on different modes of perceptual processing and their dependence on different ways of allocating attention. Attention can be set to select different aspects of the environment, ranging from the global registration of scene properties to the focused analysis of the local conjunctions of features that distinguish individual objects. In the global processing mode, studies of size judgements will include tests for implicit priming of the mean and for illusory representations of the population. Generalization to other dimensions such as color and orientation will be tested, as will various capacity limits inthis global processing mode. Focused attention in feature binding will be tested by varying the structural organization of the display, and testing the use of advance information in search. Some fMRI and TMS studies are also proposed to explore the brain areas involved in different aspects of the binding task, distinguishing spatial scanning, suppression of distractors and feature integration. Tests of a "re-entry" account of binding are also proposed. A third series of experiments explores the maintenance of binding in visual working memory. Experiments are proposed on the retention of object representations for short periods after they disappear, comparing the retention of features and of their bindings and exploring capacity limits and vulnerability to interference. Other studies will explore the relation between long term learning and visual memory to see whether and in what ways the dissociation between short and long term binding that we tentatively identified holds up in other tests. The last project analyses different components of control in switching attention between different attributes of an object - what could be called an "unbinding problem". It will use speeded classification paradigms to identify sources of interference and the components of control and to locate them in the brain through fMRI. Replies to the questions about visual attention and memory should help to determine the architecture of the systems underlying performance in many real world tasks, They may also provide some understanding of how they fail in normal people in conditions of overload, or in patients wtih brain injuries causing neglect or Balint's syndrome.

描述（由申请人提供）：这个建议是继续和扩展我以前的研究开始在不同模式的感知处理和他们的依赖分配注意力的不同方式。可以将注意力设置为选择环境的不同方面，范围从场景属性的全局配准到区分各个对象的特征的局部连接的集中分析。在整体加工模式下，大小判断的研究将包括对平均值的内隐启动和对总体的错觉表征的测试。将测试对其他维度（如颜色和方向）的泛化，以及此全局处理模式中的各种容量限制。将通过改变显示的结构组织和测试在搜索中使用预先信息来测试功能绑定中的集中注意力。一些fMRI和TMS的研究也被提出来探讨大脑区域参与不同方面的绑定任务，区分空间扫描，抑制干扰和功能整合。还提出了对约束力“重新进入”账户的检验。第三个系列的实验探讨了视觉工作记忆中绑定的维持。实验提出保留对象表示后，他们消失的短时间内，比较保留的功能和他们的绑定和探索能力的限制和脆弱性的干扰。其他研究将探索长期学习和视觉记忆之间的关系，看看我们暂时确定的短期和长期结合之间的分离是否以及以何种方式在其他测试中成立。最后一个项目分析了在一个对象的不同属性之间切换注意力的控制的不同组成部分-这可以被称为“解绑问题”。它将使用快速分类范例来识别干扰源和控制组件，并通过功能磁共振成像在大脑中定位它们。对视觉注意和记忆问题的回答有助于确定在许多真实的世界任务中表现的系统结构，它们也可以提供对正常人在超负荷条件下或脑损伤引起忽视或巴林特综合征的患者中它们是如何失败的一些理解。