Exploring the SAC Model of Memory

探索内存的 SAC 模型

• 批准号: 6890939
• 负责人: LYNNE Marie REDER
• 金额: $ 18.38万
• 依托单位: CARNEGIE-MELLON UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1996
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1996-08-01 至 2009-02-28
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6890939
• 关键词: behavioral /social science research tag; clinical research; cognition; computational neuroscience; cues; experience; human subject; mathematical model; memory; model design /development; neural information processing; perceptual distortions; psychological models; psychological tests; semantics

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The goal of this proposal is to advance a unified model of implicit and explicit memory phenomena that spans both higher-level conceptual and lower-level perceptual effects. The model, called Source of Activation Confusion (SAC), will be tested and challenged in several ways. Specifically, experiments are proposed that test SAC's novel predictions (i.e., not necessarily expected by other accounts) and data sets will be modeled at a detailed level. The proposed research will provide ever more stringent tests of SAC's predictions and will extend the range of inquiry concerning cognitive processing. The framework makes several controversial claims. For example, it claims that implicit memory is not a separate system from (or independent of) explicit memory, and that there are two processes for recognition: one based on familiarity, the other based on recollection. The proposal includes tests of the extent to which memory enhancement from the re-instatement of (ostensibly irrelevant) perceptual cues can be attributed to effects at retrieval versus at encoding. It is proposed that within the human cognitive system there is a trade-off between familiarity and distinctiveness. Familiarity eases encoding but is also responsible for habituation or inattention. Distinctiveness challenges encoding but once distinctive features are represented in memory, they serve as excellent retrieval cues. Familiar cues are less useful for retrieval (due to contextual interference); however, the memory system compensates by allowing familiarity based responding. Part of the proposed extension of the theory to encoding involves an attempt to further understand what determines whether a partial match is accepted, resulting in a distortion going undetected, and what determines whether a mismatch is considered salient.

描述（由申请人提供）：本提案的目标是推进内隐和外显记忆现象的统一模型，该模型跨越更高级别的概念和更低级别的感知效果。该模型被称为激活混淆源（SAC），将以多种方式进行测试和挑战。具体而言，提出了测试SAC的新预测的实验（即，不一定是其他账户所期望的），数据集将在详细级别上建模。拟议中的研究将为SAC的预测提供更严格的测试，并将扩大有关认知过程的调查范围。该框架提出了几个有争议的主张。例如，它声称内隐记忆不是一个独立于（或独立于）外显记忆的系统，并且有两个识别过程：一个基于熟悉，另一个基于回忆。该提案包括测试的程度，记忆增强从恢复（表面上无关）的知觉线索可以归因于在检索与编码的影响。有人提出，在人类的认知系统中，有一个权衡之间的熟悉性和独特性。熟悉可以简化编码，但也会导致习惯化或注意力不集中。独特性挑战编码，但一旦独特的特征在记忆中表现出来，它们就成为极好的检索线索。熟悉的线索对提取不太有用（由于上下文干扰）;然而，记忆系统通过允许基于熟悉性的反应来补偿。该理论对编码的拟议扩展的一部分涉及试图进一步理解是什么决定部分匹配是否被接受，导致失真未被检测到，以及是什么决定不匹配是否被认为是显着的。