Use of genomic technologies to enhance food safety and authenticity

使用基因组技术增强食品安全性和真实性

• 批准号: 2449230
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: University of Manchester
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Studentship
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2020 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=studentship-2449230
• 关键词: Use; genomic; technologies; enhance; food

Food fraud is estimated to cost UK business in the region of £11 Bn per annum. The horse meat scandal that occurred across Europe in the first quarter of 2013 highlighted major deficiencies in the food production supply chain and audit procedures. It also highlighted significant issues in analytical capabilities in European and UK food testing laboratories. DNA analysis by real time PCR (RTPCR) was quickly identified as the method of choice for species determination but was available in only a handful of UK laboratories. This resulted in a major backlog of samples as capacity was quickly saturated. Following this crisis the industry has sought more robust analytical techniques which can generate more accurate and comprehensive data sets. A business opportunity existed to introduce new technology to meet the needs of the food and feed production companies and retailers alike UoM and collaborators from PiQ laboratories developed an amplicon-seq based diagnostic which allows detection of all mammalian species in a single assay. This test overcame the major issue with standard PCR based diagnostics which requires that each potential contaminant needs to be assessed in a separate test. Despite this significant advance, there are a 2 key issues with amplicon-seq based diagnostics. Bias, introduced by PCR amplification prevents the test being used in a quantitative manner and often, the amplicons are unable to differentiate commercially valuable species from other closely related species. We seek to overcome these issues by developing metagenomics testing based on direct, non-amplified target-agnostic sequencing from food samples. This will involve development of target databases, scripting of routines to efficiently and accurately interrogate these databases and implementation of the prototype test in a cost effective manner with emphasis on relevant testing markets. The use of metagenomics for food testing is now a realistic proposition due to the dramatic reduction in per base sequencing cost, coupled with new low cost sequencers and the increase in genomic data from food fraud target species.The Forward Look for UK Bioscience is structured around three interrelated themes. The primary aim of this project is centered around theme 2. In addition, the Research in Agriculture and Food Safety strategic framework details food safety and nutrition as a focus area. By developing NGS technologies that will support efforts to assess food authenticity, traceability of specific cultivars, allergens and identification of pathogens and toxin producers in foods, we cover a key objective on improving food safety and nutrition. Alongside this we cover objectives within theme 1 of the Forward Look for UK Bioscience to build capacity in the food diagnostics and safety industry to utilise disruptive bioscience technologies. Directly linked to this we are supporting the development of an individual with a breadth of professional , enterprise and transferrable skills and building capacity in the food security sector with quantitative, integrative and data-intensive bioscience.

据估计，食品欺诈每年给英国企业造成110亿英镑的损失。2013年第一季度发生在欧洲各地的马肉丑闻凸显了食品生产供应链和审计程序的重大缺陷。它还强调了欧洲和英国食品检测实验室分析能力方面的重大问题。通过真实的时间PCR（RTPCR）进行的DNA分析很快被确定为物种确定的首选方法，但只有少数英国实验室可用。由于能力很快饱和，这导致大量样品积压。在这场危机之后，该行业寻求更强大的分析技术，可以生成更准确和更全面的数据集。存在引入新技术以满足食品和饲料生产公司和零售商（如UoM和PiQ实验室的合作者）需求的商业机会，该合作者开发了一种基于扩增子-测序的诊断方法，该方法允许在单一测定中检测所有哺乳动物物种。该测试克服了基于标准PCR的诊断的主要问题，该诊断需要在单独的测试中评估每种潜在污染物。尽管有这一重大进展，但基于扩增子-测序的诊断存在2个关键问题。由PCR扩增引入的偏倚阻止了以定量方式使用测试，并且通常，扩增子无法区分具有商业价值的物种与其他密切相关的物种。我们试图通过开发基于食品样品的直接、非扩增目标不可知测序的宏基因组学检测来克服这些问题。这将涉及目标数据库的开发，例程的脚本，以有效和准确地询问这些数据库和原型测试的实施，以具有成本效益的方式，重点是相关的测试市场。由于每碱基测序成本的大幅降低，加上新的低成本测序仪和食品欺诈目标物种基因组数据的增加，使用宏基因组学进行食品检测现在是一个现实的命题。英国生物科学的前瞻性研究围绕三个相互关联的主题展开。该项目的主要目标围绕主题2。此外，农业和食品安全研究战略框架将食品安全和营养作为一个重点领域。通过开发NGS技术，支持评估食品真实性，特定品种的可追溯性，过敏原以及食品中病原体和毒素生产者的识别，我们涵盖了改善食品安全和营养的关键目标。除此之外，我们还涵盖了英国生物科学前瞻性主题1中的目标，以建立食品诊断和安全行业利用颠覆性生物科学技术的能力。与此直接相关的是，我们正在支持发展具有广泛专业，企业和可转移技能的个人，并通过定量，综合和数据密集型生物科学在粮食安全部门建立能力。