How do people move from contemplating to attempting suicide: Investigating the cognitive mechanisms of loss of control and limited awareness of goals

人们如何从考虑自杀转向尝试自杀：调查失去控制和目标意识有限的认知机制

• 批准号: 2453992
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: University of Manchester
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Studentship
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2020 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=studentship-2453992
• 关键词: How; do; people; move; contemplating

Suicide is a global problem and it remains unclear how individuals transition from contemplating suicide (ideators) to attempting suicide (attempters). The knowledge gap on the psychological mechanisms which may underlie this transition needs to be addressed in order to provide new treatment targets and develop interventions for individuals who attempt suicide. This mixed-methods project aims to address this knowledge gap by testing psychological mechanisms underlying the transition from suicidal ideation to attempts using Perceptual Control Theory (PCT) as a theoretical framework. It will test the following hypotheses: 1. Individuals attempt suicide as a means of regaining control of their experiences when they are unable to control important aspects of their lives (goals). 2. Individuals who attempt suicide are less aware than ideators of how these goals would be affected by suicide. The objectives of this project are to develop and evaluate a psychological tool for assessing the mechanisms of control and awareness in a suicidal population, and to investigate differences between ideators and attempters using this tool. All stages of the project will be guided by a service user consultant and input from a PPIE group. Participants will be recruited from statutory and non-statutory services (e.g. A&E departments), and will be invited to participate in subsequent studies. Study 1 will use cognitive interviews to investigate attempters' and ideators' (n~8) experiences of control over their important life goals and their awareness of how their death by suicide would impact on their goals. This methodology will enable an item pool of questions to be generated. Study 2 will use the item pool to develop a psychological tool for assessing suicidal individuals' ability to achieve their goals and their awareness of how their goals would be negatively impacted on by suicide. This study will evaluate the reliability and validity of the tool by assessing suicidal individuals at multiple timepoints and comparing its results with other measures of control and awareness. Study 3 will use the newly developed psychological tool to compare the psychological mechanisms of control and awareness between ideators and attempters (40 per group). This research will make a substantial theoretical contribution to understanding the transition from suicidal ideation to behaviour. Using a stratified medicine approach, it will inform psychological assessment for suicide prevention which is personalised to clients by respecting their individual concerns, a critical component in improving treatment outcomes (Schauman & Mansell, 2012).

自杀是一个全球性的问题，目前尚不清楚个人如何从考虑自杀（构想者）过渡到企图自杀（自杀者）。需要解决可能导致这种转变的心理机制的知识差距，以便为企图自杀的个人提供新的治疗目标并制定干预措施。这个混合方法的项目旨在解决这个知识差距，通过测试潜在的心理机制，从自杀意念过渡到尝试使用知觉控制理论（PCT）作为理论框架。它将测试以下假设：1.当人们无法控制自己生活的重要方面（目标）时，他们试图自杀作为重新控制自己经历的一种手段。2.企图自杀的人比理想主义者更不清楚这些目标会受到自杀的影响。该项目的目标是开发和评估一种心理学工具，用于评估自杀人群的控制和意识机制，并调查使用该工具的构想者和自杀者之间的差异。该项目的所有阶段将由一名服务用户顾问指导，并由一个PPIE小组提供投入。参与者将从法定和非法定服务机构（例如急症室）招募，并获邀参与其后的研究。研究一将采用认知访谈的方法，考察自杀者和构想者（n~8）对重要人生目标的控制体验，以及自杀死亡对人生目标的影响。这一方法将有助于产生一个问题项目库。研究2将使用项目库开发一种心理工具，用于评估自杀者实现目标的能力以及他们对自杀将如何对他们的目标产生负面影响的意识。这项研究将通过在多个时间点评估自杀个体并将其结果与其他控制和意识措施进行比较来评估该工具的可靠性和有效性。研究3将使用新开发的心理学工具，比较意念者和意念者（每组40人）的控制和意识的心理机制。这项研究将为理解从自杀意念到行为的转变做出实质性的理论贡献。使用分层医学方法，它将为自杀预防提供心理评估，通过尊重客户的个人关注，为客户提供个性化的自杀预防，这是改善治疗结果的关键组成部分（Schauman & Mansell，2012）。