Planning Grant for a Study of the Effect of Radiation

辐射影响研究规划拨款

• 批准号: 6943252
• 负责人: FRANCESMARY MODUGNO
• 金额: $ 7.43万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH AT PITTSBURGH
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2005
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2005-09-06 至 2007-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6943252
• 关键词: Commonwealth of Independent States; brca gene; breast neoplasms; cancer registry /resource; cancer risk; clinical research; female; gene environment interaction; human subject; ionizing radiation; method development; neoplasm /cancer epidemiology; questionnaires; radiation hazard; radiation related neoplasm /cancer; single nucleotide polymorphism; women' s health

There are several reports of studies that suggest an association between exposure to ionizing radiation and the subsequent development of breast cancer. Despite the dramatic increase in thyroid cancer after radiation exposure from the Chernobyl accident in 1986, especially in young children, there are no reports of studies of women in the same exposed population of the incidence of breast cancer, or of additional risks for the development of breast cancer. Like the thyroid, the human breast concentrates iodine and women near Chernobyl were exposed to much higher than normal levels of radioiodine and other radioactive isotopes, especially cesium and strontium. Moreover, as the breast develops and changes throughout various points in a woman's life (in utero, during puberty, pregnancy and lactation), there are distinct periods of time when the breast is more susceptible to environmental exposures. These observations, together with previous evidence linking ionizing radiation to breast cancer suggests that exposure to the nuclear radiation at Chernobyl will likely result in an increase In breast cancer, especially among particularly vulnerable subpopulations, such as women who were in utero, entering puberty, pregnant or lactating at the time of the accident or who harbor a particular genetic predisposition to the disease. Hence an investigation of the role of genetic and lifestyle factors associated with nuclear radiation in women exposed to the Chernobyl fallout is warranted. Such an investigation will help us further understand radiation-induced breast cancer and factors that may modify that relationship. This R03 application proposes the following objectives in preparation for a subsequent study to evaluate breast cancer in an Eastern European population exposed to sustained high doses of ionizing radiation in 1986: 1. Initiate and establish relationships with investigators in Belarus in order to set up the infrastructure for the pilot study and the resulting R01 study; 2. Link the Belarusian Radiation Exposure database to the cancer registry database in order to identify cases associated with various levels of radiation exposure. A subset of these cases will serve as the pilot study. Age and residence matched healthy women identified through the Radiation Exposure database will serve as controls; 3. Establish and test the study infrastructure, including instrument design, specimen acquisition, and laboratory testing; and 4. Generate pilot data in support of an R01 application. By the end of this two year period, we will have put into place all the necessary mechanisms to conduct a large-scale population based study, and we will have gathered pilot data to support an R01 application investigating nuclear radiation exposure and breast cancer.

有几份研究的报道表明，暴露于电离辐射与随后的乳腺癌发展之间存在关联。尽管1986年切尔诺贝利事故暴露后的甲状腺癌急剧增加，尤其是在幼儿中，但尚无关于乳腺癌发病率相同的女性的研究，也没有乳腺癌发展的额外风险。像甲状腺一样，人类乳房浓缩碘和切尔诺贝利附近的妇女的暴露于低于正常水平的放射性碘和其他放射性同位素，尤其是剖腹产和锶。此外，随着乳房在女性生活中的各个地方的发展和变化（在子宫内，青春期，怀孕和哺乳期），在乳房更容易受到环境暴露更容易受到影响的不同时期。这些观察结果以及以前将电离辐射与乳腺癌联系起来的证据表明，切尔诺贝利的核辐射暴露可能会导致乳腺癌的增加，尤其是在尤其是易受伤害的亚群中，例如在子宫内，在意外或伴有特定遗传遗传疾病时进入青春期，孕妇或哺乳。因此，有必要对与核辐射相关的遗传和生活方式因素的作用进行研究。这样的研究将有助于我们进一步了解辐射引起的乳腺癌以及可能改变这种关系的因素。该R03的应用提出了以下目标，以准备一项随后的研究，以评估1986年的东欧人群中的乳腺癌，该研究在1986年受到持续的高剂量电离辐射，以启动白俄罗斯的研究并建立关系，以建立试验性研究的基础架构和结果研究； 2。将白俄罗斯辐射暴露数据库与癌症注册表数据库联系起来，以识别与各种辐射暴露相关的病例。这些病例的一部分将作为试点研究。通过辐射暴露数据库确定的年龄和居住与健康女性相匹配，将作为对照。 3。建立和测试研究基础设施，包括仪器设计，标本采集和实验室测试；和4。生成试点数据以支持R01应用程序。到这两年期结束时，我们将提出所有必要的机制来进行大规模的基于人群的研究，我们将收集试点数据，以支持R01申请研究核辐射暴露和乳腺癌。