Central control of rhythmic movement in a vertebrate

脊椎动物节律运动的中枢控制

• 批准号: 6844671
• 负责人: MELINA E HALE
• 金额: $ 21.36万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2003
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2003-03-15 至 2007-01-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6844671
• 关键词: behavioral /social science research tag; cell population study; chordate locomotion; denervation; developmental neurobiology; diving /swimming; interneurons; neural information processing; neuroimaging; spinal cord; spinal cord mapping; zebrafish

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Most vertebrate behaviors depend on the coordinated activity of many neurons in the brain and/or spinal cord. While the organization and function of single iterations of spinal cord circuits have been examined, it is unknown how interneuron populations distributed across segments generate functional behaviors. The goal of this research is to examine the longitudinal distribution of spinal cord interneurons and the roles of those interneuron populations in behavior. This work takes advantage of novel techniques for neuron imaging in the larval zebrafish model system, including cell population activity imaging and cell-specific ablation techniques, to test hypotheses of interneuron organization and function. Aim 1 examines the longitudinal distributions of spinal cord interneurons testing the hypothesis that there is a rostrocaudal gradient in cell and population size of descending interneurons in motor circuits. Aim 2 determines the roles of descending interneurons in behavior. Cell-specific lesioning is used to remove a population of interneurons and behavior is assessed before and after those ablations. Aim 2 tests the hypotheses that removing descending excitatory interneurons will decrease bending amplitude, angular velocity, angular acceleration and, for rhythmic movements, disrupt the pattern of axial wave propagation. This is the first test of the roles of spinal interneurons in vertebrates. Aim 3 bridges Aim 1 and Aim 2 to address how interneurons effect their behavioral roles by imaging cell activity across a population of neurons downstream of the ablated cells. We hypothesize that ablating excitatory startle interneurons will decrease activity of interneurons and motoneurons in the ablation region in proportion to the number of ablated cells but will not alter caudal activity. We hypothesize that that ablating excitatory swim interneurons will decrease interneuron activity in and caudal to the region of the ablations. The aims of this proposal address fundamental questions about interneuron population function in behaviors by testing the roles cells and in movement and in circuit function. By providing basic information on the neural control of movements, this work provides a foundation of information on how populations of interneurons function together to coordinate movement. Such work is critical for understanding the neural basis of movement disruption through injury and disease.

描述（由申请人提供）：大多数脊椎动物的行为取决于大脑和/或脊髓中许多神经元的协调活动。虽然已经检查了脊髓回路的单次迭代的组织和功能，但尚不清楚分布在节段上的中间神经元群体如何产生功能行为。本研究的目的是研究脊髓中间神经元的纵向分布和这些中间神经元群体在行为中的作用。这项工作利用新的技术，神经元成像在斑马鱼幼虫模型系统，包括细胞群体活动成像和细胞特异性消融技术，以测试假设的interneuron组织和功能。目的1研究脊髓中间神经元的纵向分布，验证运动回路中下行中间神经元的细胞和群体大小存在吻尾梯度的假说。目的2确定下行中间神经元在行为中的作用。细胞特异性损伤用于去除中间神经元群体，并在这些消融之前和之后评估行为。目的2测试的假设，去除下行兴奋性中间神经元将降低弯曲幅度，角速度，角加速度，并为节奏运动，破坏轴向波传播的模式。这是第一次测试脊椎动物脊髓中间神经元的作用。目标3桥接目标1和目标2，以解决中间神经元如何通过对消融细胞下游的神经元群体的细胞活动进行成像来影响其行为作用。我们假设，消融兴奋性惊吓中间神经元将减少活动的中间神经元和运动神经元的消融区域的消融细胞的数量成比例，但不会改变尾部活动。我们假设，消融兴奋性游泳中间神经元将减少中间神经元的活动和尾部的消融区域。这项提案的目的是通过测试细胞在运动和电路功能中的作用来解决关于中间神经元群体在行为中功能的基本问题。通过提供关于运动的神经控制的基本信息，这项工作提供了关于中间神经元群体如何共同发挥作用以协调运动的信息基础。这项工作对于理解受伤和疾病导致的运动中断的神经基础至关重要。