Rapid Assessment of Drug Law & Policy in the FSU & CEE

毒品法的快速评估

• 批准号: 7121411
• 负责人: ZITA LAZZARINI
• 金额: $ 16.35万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CONNECTICUT SCH OF MED/DNT
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2003
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2003-09-30 至 2008-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7121411
• 关键词: AIDS education /prevention; Commonwealth of Independent States; HIV infections; Poland; behavioral /social science research tag; clinical research; community health services; data collection methodology /evaluation; disease /disorder prevention /control; disease outbreaks; drug controls; emerging infectious disease; health care personnel; health care policy; health related legal; health services research tag; human subject; information dissemination; international cooperation; interview; intravenous drug abuse; police; substance abuse related behavior; training

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): NIDA science-based guidelines recommend comprehensive, community-driven interventions to prevent HIV among IDUs. This study uses a new rapid policy assessment and response (RPAR) process to respond to legal structural barriers to HIV prevention among injection drug users (IDUs) in Central and Eastern Europe. The RPAR builds on the World Health Organization's rapid assessment and response process, by integrating into it legal and policy research with a focus on the implementation of law and policy as factors structuring the health risks of IDUs. The proposal also includes a cross-national study of the implementation of the RPAR in Ukraine, Poland and Russia in order to examine how structural barriers operate under a variety of contrasting conditions - epidemic, economic, and political/legal. The specific aims of the project are: 1) to use the RPAR to document laws and law enforcement practices in the three countries; 2) to build the capacity of local lawyers, social science researchers and public health personnel to collect and use data on laws, policies, and practices to foster solutions to community health problems; 3) to evaluate the RPAR as a means of collecting data and training local researchers; and 4) to disseminate the research results. The planned research will achieve these aims by using RPAR to: collect existing legal, criminal justice and epidemiological data; develop a community advisory board and process; conduct focus groups (N=90 individuals); identify and interview key informants (N=120); summarize and analyze the quantitative and qualitative data produced; prioritize policy and practice responses with the community advisory board; and disseminate the results. Implementation of the RPAR will be evaluated using process measures to measure: 1) local research and production of the research product; 2) local community engagement in policy and practice change; and 3) progress towards changes in policies or law enforcement practices with the potential to slow the epidemic. The larger three-country analysis will use qualitative methods to conduct a comparative analysis to identify ways in which law and legal practices are structural mediators of and influence regional HIV risks and community intervention capacity.

描述（由申请人提供）：基于NIDA的科学指南建议采取全面的，社区驱动的干预措施，以防止IDU中的艾滋病毒。这项研究使用了新的快速政策评估和反应（RPAR）程序来应对中欧和东欧注射吸毒者（IDU）中预防HIV的法律结构障碍。 RPAR建立在世界卫生组织的快速评估和响应过程的基础上，通过将法律和政策的实施作为构成IDUS健康风险的因素，将法律和政策的实施集成到法律和政策研究中。该提案还包括对乌克兰，波兰和俄罗斯的RPAR实施的跨国研究，以研究结构性障碍在各种对比条件下的运作方式 - 流行性，经济和政治/法律。该项目的具体目的是：1）使用RPAR记录三个国家 /地区的法律和执法行为； 2）建立当地律师，社会科学研究人员和公共卫生人员的能力，以收集和使用有关法律，政策和实践的数据，以促进解决社区健康问题的解决方案； 3）评估RPAR作为收集数据和培训当地研究人员的一种手段； 4）分发研究结果。计划的研究将通过使用RPAR来实现这些目标：收集现有的法律，刑事司法和流行病学数据；制定社区顾问委员会和流程；进行焦点小组（n = 90个人）；识别和采访关键线人（n = 120）；总结和分析产生的定量和定性数据；优先考虑与社区顾问委员会的政策和实践回应；并传播结果。 RPAR的实施将使用过程指标进行评估：1）研究产品的本地研究和生产； 2）当地社区参与政策和实践变革； 3）朝着政策或执法实践的变化朝着降低流行病的潜力方面的进展。较大的三个国家分析将使用定性方法进行比较分析，以确定法律和法律实践是结构性的调解人的方法，并影响区域艾滋病毒的风险和社区干预能力。