Rapid Assessment of Drug Law & Policy in the FSU & CEE

NTDA以科学为基础的指南建议以社区为导向的全面干预措施来预防艾滋病毒 在注射吸毒者中。本研究使用新的快速政策评估和响应(RPAR)流程来应对 中欧和东欧注射吸毒者预防艾滋病毒的法律结构性障碍。 RPAR建立在世界卫生组织的快速评估和反应程序的基础上，通过 将法律和政策研究纳入其中，重点关注法律和政策的实施 构建注射吸毒者的健康风险。该提案还包括对执行情况进行跨国研究。 对乌克兰、波兰和俄罗斯的RPAR进行评估，以研究结构性壁垒是如何在 各种截然不同的情况--流行病、经济和政治/法律。该项目的具体目标 是：1)使用RPAR记录三个国家的法律和执法实践；2)建立 当地律师、社会科学研究人员和公共卫生人员收集和使用数据的能力 关于促进解决社区卫生问题的法律、政策和实践；3)评估RPAR 作为收集数据和培训当地研究人员的一种手段；以及4)传播研究成果。这个 计划中的研究将通过使用RPAR来实现这些目标：收集现有的法律、刑事司法和 流行病学数据；建立社区咨询委员会和程序；组织重点小组(N=90 个人)；确定和约谈关键线人(N=120)；总结和分析量化和 产生质量数据；与社区咨询委员会确定政策和实践回应的优先顺序；以及 公布结果。将使用过程措施对RPAR的实施进行评估，以衡量： 1)当地研究和研究产品的生产；2)当地社区参与政策和 做法改变；以及3)在有可能改变政策或执法做法方面取得进展 来减缓疫情的蔓延。更大的三国分析将使用定性方法进行 比较分析，以确定法律和法律实践如何成为和的结构性调解人 影响区域艾滋病毒风险和社区干预能力。

NtDA science-based guidelines recommend comprehensive, community-driven interventions to prevent HIV among IDUs. This study uses a new rapid policy assessment and response (RPAR) process to respond to legal structural barriers to HIV prevention among injection drug users (IDUs) in Central and Eastern Europe. The RPAR builds on the World Health Organization's rapid assessment and response process, by integrating into it legal and policy research with a focus on the implementation of law and policy as factors structuring the health risks of IDUs. The proposal also includes a cross-national study of the implementation of the RPAR in Ukraine, Poland and Russia in order to examine how structural barriers operate under a variety of contrasting conditions - epidemic, economic, and political/legal. The specific aims of the project are: 1) to use the RPAR to document laws and law enforcement practices in the three countries; 2) to build the capacity of local lawyers, social science researchers and public health personnel to collect and use data on laws, policies, and practices to foster solutions to community health problems; 3) to evaluate the RPAR as a means of collecting data and training local researchers; and 4) to disseminate the research results. The planned research will achieve these aims by using RPAR to: collect existing legal, criminal justice and epidemiological data; develop a community advisory board and process; conduct focus groups (N=90 individuals); identify and interview key informants (N=120); summarize and analyze the quantitative and qualitative data produced; prioritize policy and practice responses with the community advisory board; and disseminate the results. Implementation of the RPAR will be evaluated using process measures to measure: 1) local research and production of the research product; 2) local community engagement in policy and practice change; and 3) progress towards changes in policies or law enforcement practices with the potential to slow the epidemic. The larger three-country analysis will use qualitative methods to conduct a comparative analysis to identify ways in which law and legal practices are structural mediators of and influence regional HIV risks and community intervention capacity.