Cost Effective Designs for Practitioners

描述（由申请人提供）：几乎所有在实践中使用的设计都是按照研究中只有一个目标的方式构建的。不断上升的实验成本促使研究人员使用更有效的设计，以更充分地满足他们的实际目标和关注。特别是，设计应该能够捕捉到大多数研究中嵌入的多个目标，这些目标的重要性可能不平等，以及其他限制，如模型的不确定性，有限的设计空间和潜在的缺失试验。我们将构建多目标优化设计，将这些和其他实际约束。我们还与环境卫生科学家合作，并应用最佳设计思想设计一项研究，利用个体药物和联合化合物的剂量反应曲线中的信息，在畸形学研究中估计联合化合物的阈值。此外，我们开发了用于研究不溶性颗粒的肺清除率的Michaelks-Menten样模型的节省成本的设计，并找到了用于估计由微分方程的解定义的生物反应的最佳设计。创新的理论将被开发，以构建这些设计和理解其属性，包括其敏感性模型的假设。 为了便于在实践中使用最佳设计思想，我们创建了一个用户友好的网站，其中包含一系列算法，用于生成线性和非线性模型的所有类型的设计，包括本研究中开发的设计。该网站将需要从用户输入之前，量身定制的设计可以生成。从业人员将能够使用该网站根据用户选择的一系列标准评估设计的效率，并搜索其他网站的链接，这些网站提供专门的设计软件。这样的网站目前还不存在。我们的网站将教育，告知和鼓励从业人员在他们的工作中融入更多最佳的设计理念，从而节省大量的学习成本。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Almost all designs used in practice are constructed as if there is only one objective in the study. Rising experimental costs have led researchers to use efficient designs that can more adequately meet their practical goals and concerns. In particular, designs should be able to capture the multiple goals embedded in most studies, the possibly unequal importance of these goals and other constraints, such as model uncertainty, a restricted design space and potentially missing trials. We will construct multiple-objective optimal designs that incorporate these and other practical constraints. We also work with environmental health scientists and apply optimal design ideas to design a study for estimating the threshold of a joint compound in a teratology study using information in the dose response curves from the individual agents and the joint compound. Additionally, we develop cost-saving designs for Michaelks-Menten like mod sis used for studying pulmonary clearance of insoluble particles and find optimal designs for estimating biological responses defined by solutions of a differential equation. Innovative theory will be developed to construct these designs and understand their properties, including their sensitivities to model assumptions. To facilitate the use of optimal design ideas in practice, we create a user-friendly website with an array of algorithms for generating all types of designs for linear and nonlinear models, including designs to be developed in this research. The website will require input from the user before a tailored made design can be generated. Practitioners will be able to use the website to evaluate the efficiency of a design under a range of user-selected criteria and search for links to other websites where specialized design software is available. Such a website does not exist now. Our website will educate, inform and encourage practitioners to incorporate more optimal design ideas in their work, thereby saving substantial cost in their studies.