Cost Effective Designs for Practitioners

描述(由申请人提供)：几乎所有在实践中使用的设计都是在研究中只有一个目标的情况下构建的。不断上升的实验成本促使研究人员使用能够更充分地满足他们的实际目标和关切的高效设计。特别是，设计应该能够捕捉到大多数研究中嵌入的多个目标，这些目标可能不同的重要性以及其他限制，如模型不确定性、受限的设计空间和可能错过的试验。我们将构建包含这些和其他实际约束的多目标优化设计。我们还与环境健康科学家合作，应用优化设计思想设计了一项研究，利用单个制剂和联合化合物的剂量反应曲线中的信息，估计畸形学研究中联合化合物的阈值。此外，我们开发了节约成本的Michaelks-Menten类MOD设计，用于研究不溶性颗粒的肺清除，并找到了估计由微分方程解定义的生物反应的最佳设计。将开发创新理论来构建这些设计并了解它们的特性，包括它们对模型假设的敏感性。 为了便于在实践中使用优化设计思想，我们创建了一个用户友好的网站，其中包含一系列算法，用于生成线性和非线性模型的所有类型的设计，包括将在本研究中开发的设计。该网站将要求用户输入之前，量身定做的设计可以生成。从业人员将能够使用该网站根据用户选择的一系列标准来评估设计的效率，并搜索到其他网站的链接，在这些网站上可以获得专门的设计软件。这样的网站现在已经不存在了。我们的网站将教育、通知和鼓励从业者将更多的优化设计理念融入他们的工作中，从而节省大量的学习成本。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Almost all designs used in practice are constructed as if there is only one objective in the study. Rising experimental costs have led researchers to use efficient designs that can more adequately meet their practical goals and concerns. In particular, designs should be able to capture the multiple goals embedded in most studies, the possibly unequal importance of these goals and other constraints, such as model uncertainty, a restricted design space and potentially missing trials. We will construct multiple-objective optimal designs that incorporate these and other practical constraints. We also work with environmental health scientists and apply optimal design ideas to design a study for estimating the threshold of a joint compound in a teratology study using information in the dose response curves from the individual agents and the joint compound. Additionally, we develop cost-saving designs for Michaelks-Menten like mod sis used for studying pulmonary clearance of insoluble particles and find optimal designs for estimating biological responses defined by solutions of a differential equation. Innovative theory will be developed to construct these designs and understand their properties, including their sensitivities to model assumptions. To facilitate the use of optimal design ideas in practice, we create a user-friendly website with an array of algorithms for generating all types of designs for linear and nonlinear models, including designs to be developed in this research. The website will require input from the user before a tailored made design can be generated. Practitioners will be able to use the website to evaluate the efficiency of a design under a range of user-selected criteria and search for links to other websites where specialized design software is available. Such a website does not exist now. Our website will educate, inform and encourage practitioners to incorporate more optimal design ideas in their work, thereby saving substantial cost in their studies.