Pupillometry and Gaze-Tracking in Unrestrained Monkeys

不受约束的猴子的瞳孔测量和注视跟踪

• 批准号: 6962487
• 负责人: MICHAEL R WEED
• 金额: $ 15.16万
• 依托单位: JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2005
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2005-06-01 至 2007-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6962487
• 关键词: Macaca mulatta; baboons; diazepam; drug abuse; memory disorders; morphine; neurotoxicology; pupillary reflex; pupillography; smooth pursuit eye movement; technology /technique development; visual tracking

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Measures of pupillary and oculomotor function are exquisitely sensitive to modulation of the central nervous system (CNS) by drugs of abuse and CNS pathology in nonhuman primate (NHP) models of human diseases. However, techniques to study pupillary and oculomotor function in NHPs traditionally require invasive procedures including surgical implantation and/or restraint of the animals in specialized chairs. These techniques allow very powerful analyses of the visual system, but limit the number of researchers that can utilize eye-tracking in NHPs. This proposal will combine state-of-the-art, computerized video-based eye-tracking equipment with novel behavioral methods to develop a method for pupillometry and gaze-tracking in NHPs in their home cage. Specific Aim 1 is to develop a system that attaches to a nonhuman primate home cage and allows computer-based video recording of the nonhuman primate eye while the animal is awake and unrestrained. Measures to be recorded include estimates of pupil size and direction of the monkey's gaze. Specific Aim 2 is to develop a procedure for determination of pupillary light reflex. Determination of pupillary light reflex will be validated by measuring the effects of morphine in rhesus monkeys and baboons. Pupillometry will be measured in baboons to test the training methods and equipment in an additional nonhuman primate species. Specific Aim 3 is to develop a system to measure gaze direction while rhesus monkeys perform a visual smooth pursuit task. Sensitivity of the smooth pursuit task will be validated by testing the effects of diazepam on oculomotor performance of rhesus monkeys. Specific Aim 4 is to develop a test of recognition memory based on relative gaze times to two stimuli, the Visual Paired Comparisons test in rhesus monkeys. Administration of diazepam will test for the sensitivity of the paradigm to the amnesic effects of benzodiazepines. Measures of pupillary dilation will be included to address whether dilation due to cognitive load is evident in this paradigm. Home cage procedures will enable more researchers to eye-tracking techniques and reduce the technical difficulty of doing so. Home cage procedures will also reduce the stress to the NHP subjects inherent in restraint-based methods. The techniques presented here will be most attractive to non-traditional users of eye-based measures such as pharmacologists, neurotoxicologists and behavioral psychologists.

描述（由申请方提供）：瞳孔和眼功能的测量对滥用药物对中枢神经系统（CNS）的调节和人类疾病的非人灵长类动物（NHP）模型中的CNS病理学非常敏感。然而，研究NHP的瞳孔和眼功能的技术传统上需要侵入性手术，包括手术植入和/或将动物限制在专门的椅子上。这些技术允许对视觉系统进行非常强大的分析，但限制了可以在NHP中使用眼动跟踪的研究人员的数量。该提案将联合收割机结合最先进的计算机化视频眼动跟踪设备和新的行为方法，以开发一种用于NHP在其饲养笼中进行瞳孔测量和注视跟踪的方法。具体目标1是开发一种系统，该系统连接到非人类灵长类动物的笼子，并允许在动物清醒和不受约束的情况下对非人类灵长类动物的眼睛进行基于计算机的视频记录。 要记录的措施包括估计瞳孔大小和猴子凝视的方向。具体目标2是开发一种用于确定瞳孔对光反射的程序。将通过测量吗啡在恒河猴和狒狒中的作用来验证瞳孔对光反射的测定。将在狒狒中测量瞳孔测量，以在其他非人灵长类动物种属中测试训练方法和设备。 具体目标3是开发一个系统来测量视线方向，而恒河猴执行视觉平滑的追求任务。将通过测试地西泮对恒河猴视力表现的影响来验证平滑追踪任务的灵敏度。具体目标4是开发一种基于对两种刺激的相对注视时间的识别记忆测试，即恒河猴视觉配对比较测试。地西泮给药将测试该范例对苯二氮卓类药物遗忘作用的敏感性。 将包括瞳孔扩张的测量，以解决在该范例中由于认知负荷引起的扩张是否明显。家庭笼程序将使更多的研究人员眼动追踪技术，并降低这样做的技术难度。家庭笼手术还将减少基于限制的方法所固有的对NHP受试者的压力。这里介绍的技术将是最有吸引力的非传统用户的眼睛为基础的措施，如药理学家，神经毒理学家和行为心理学家。