ABUSE LIABILITY OF BENZODIAZEPINES AND CAFFEINE

人们对苯二氮类药物的误用和滥用表示担忧 使用最广泛的抗焦虑/镇静药物 在所有医学处方化合物中。咖啡因是唯一的 最广泛使用的行为活性药物，而且正在增加 担心相当大比例的人口可能处于 过量摄入咖啡因带来的健康风险。尽管事实是 苯二氮卓类药物和咖啡因 被鉴定为滥用药物，强化和身体上的 这些化合物的依赖产生的影响仍然存在 不完全具有特征的。本项目将调查这些 苯二氮类药物和咖啡因的方面。除了提供 关于行为和药理学的具体信息 苯二氮卓类药物和咖啡因的作用机制 捕获和控制行为，这项研究应该提供 对药物依赖一般性质的有价值的见解 进程。提出了一系列关于狒狒和老鼠的研究。二 实验将研究环境条件，这可能 调整或加强静脉和口服的自我给药 苯二氮类药物在狒狒体内的含量。一项相关的实验将使用 药物自我给药累进比表 苯二氮卓类药物相对增强作用的表征 和狒狒体内的巴比妥酸盐。两个实验将描述 暴露性和突发性戒断对狒狒的影响 低剂量的苯二氮卓类安定。另外两个 实验将使用狒狒和老鼠来研究 苯二氮卓类药物的身体依赖性和/或调节 苯二氮卓受体的耐受性 反性别主义者。最后一组实验将集中在咖啡因上 这些是狒狒。两个实验将调查最佳条件 维持最大限度的静脉和口服咖啡因自身 给药和一个实验将以自发为特征 长期高剂量咖啡因的戒断效应。

There is concern about the misuse and abuse of benzodiazepine anxiolytic/sedative drugs which are among the most widely used of all medically prescribed compounds. Caffeine is the single most widely used behaviorally active drug and there is increasing concern that a significant proportion of the population may be at health risk from excessive caffine consumption. Despite the fact that both benzodiazepines and caffine have been periodically identified as being drugs of abuse, the reinforcing and physical dependence producing effects of these compounds remain incompletely characterized. This project will investigate these aspects of benzodiazepines and caffine. In addition to providing specific information about behavioral and pharmacological mechanisms by which benzodiazepines and caffine come to capture and control behavior, this research should provide valuable insights into the general nature of the drug dependence process. A series of studies of baboons and rats is proposed. Two experiments will study environmental conditions which may modulate or enhance the intravenous and oral self-administration of benzodiazepines in baboons. A related experiment will use progressive-ratio schedules of drug self-administration to characterize the relative reinforcing effects of benzodiazepines and barbituates in baboons. Two experiments will characterize spontaneous and precipitated withdrawal in baboons exposed to low chronic doses of the benzodiazepine diazepam. Two other experiments will use baboons and rats to investigate the modulation of benzodiazepine physical dependence and/or tolerance by administration of a benzodiazepine receptor antigonist. The final set of experiments will focus on caffine in baboons. Two experiments will investigate optimal conditions for maintaining maximal intravenous and oral caffine self- administration and one experiment will characterize spontaneous withdrawal effects after high chronic doses of caffine.