ABUSE LIABILITY OF BENZODIAZEPINES AND CAFFEINE

人们对苯二氮卓类药物的误用和滥用感到担忧 最广泛使用的抗焦虑/镇静药物 所有处方药 咖啡因是唯一 最广泛使用的行为活性药物， 担心很大一部分人口可能在 过量饮用咖啡因会危害健康。 尽管 苯二氮卓类药物和咖啡因 被确定为滥用药物， 这些化合物的依赖性产生作用仍然存在 不完全特征化。 本项目将调查这些 苯二氮卓类药物和咖啡因。 除了提供 关于行为和药理学的具体信息 苯二氮卓类药物和咖啡因 捕获和控制行为，这项研究应该提供 对药物依赖的一般性质的宝贵见解 过程 有人提议对狒狒和老鼠进行一系列研究。 两 实验将研究环境条件， 调节或增强静脉内和口服自我给药 苯二氮卓类药物在狒狒体内的作用 一个相关的实验将使用 药物自我给药的渐进比例时间表， 表征苯二氮卓类药物的相对增强作用 以及狒狒的生殖器官。 两个实验将描述 狒狒在暴露于 低剂量慢性苯二氮卓安定 另外两 实验将使用狒狒和老鼠来研究 调节苯并二氮杂卓身体依赖性和/或 苯二氮卓受体给药耐受性 反生殖者 最后一组实验将集中在咖啡因， 狒狒 两个实验将研究最佳条件， 维持最大的静脉和口服咖啡因自我- 给药和一项实验将表征自发性 高剂量慢性咖啡因后的戒断反应

There is concern about the misuse and abuse of benzodiazepine anxiolytic/sedative drugs which are among the most widely used of all medically prescribed compounds. Caffeine is the single most widely used behaviorally active drug and there is increasing concern that a significant proportion of the population may be at health risk from excessive caffine consumption. Despite the fact that both benzodiazepines and caffine have been periodically identified as being drugs of abuse, the reinforcing and physical dependence producing effects of these compounds remain incompletely characterized. This project will investigate these aspects of benzodiazepines and caffine. In addition to providing specific information about behavioral and pharmacological mechanisms by which benzodiazepines and caffine come to capture and control behavior, this research should provide valuable insights into the general nature of the drug dependence process. A series of studies of baboons and rats is proposed. Two experiments will study environmental conditions which may modulate or enhance the intravenous and oral self-administration of benzodiazepines in baboons. A related experiment will use progressive-ratio schedules of drug self-administration to characterize the relative reinforcing effects of benzodiazepines and barbituates in baboons. Two experiments will characterize spontaneous and precipitated withdrawal in baboons exposed to low chronic doses of the benzodiazepine diazepam. Two other experiments will use baboons and rats to investigate the modulation of benzodiazepine physical dependence and/or tolerance by administration of a benzodiazepine receptor antigonist. The final set of experiments will focus on caffine in baboons. Two experiments will investigate optimal conditions for maintaining maximal intravenous and oral caffine self- administration and one experiment will characterize spontaneous withdrawal effects after high chronic doses of caffine.