Cancer screening among Latinas and non-Latina whites

描述（由申请人提供）： 本研究旨在探讨种族、社会经济地位（SES）和文化适应对乳腺癌筛查的影响。各种研究记录了拉丁裔（西班牙裔）和非拉丁裔白色妇女在乳腺癌发病率和死亡率以及存活率方面的差异。几项研究表明，拉丁裔妇女接受的乳腺癌筛查测试比非拉丁裔白人少，这可能是观察到的乳腺癌死亡率和存活率差异的原因。对文化适应（移民群体拥护主流文化的价值观、信仰和行为的过程）的研究表明，拉丁美洲人的文化价值观可能与筛查减少有关。其他研究表明，社会经济地位和其他结构性因素（例如，获得卫生保健的机会）造成了筛查方面的差异。拟议中的研究将显着有助于拉丁裔和非拉丁裔白色妇女乳腺癌筛查的文献，通过测试理论模型的文化和社会人口因素对癌症筛查的影响，以及介导这些影响的机制。利用1992年全国健康访谈调查的癌症控制补充资料的数据，该研究将检查两种筛查行为：最近的乳房X光检查和临床乳房检查以及拉丁裔和非拉丁裔白人。本研究将探讨以下问题：（1）种族、社会人口学变量（社会经济地位、年龄）、文化适应与癌症筛查之间的关系是什么？(2)即使控制了年龄和社会经济地位变量，种族和文化适应与乳腺癌筛查行为相关吗？以及（3）癌症知识、对癌症生存机会的信念以及获得医疗保健的机会在多大程度上介导了种族、文化适应、SES和癌症筛查之间的关系？很少有研究已经测试了文化适应，社会经济地位，年龄和筛选之间的关系所涉及的调解过程。此外，我们知道没有发表的研究已经测试了中介模型之间的全国代表性样本的拉丁裔和非拉丁裔白色妇女在美国。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This study aims to examine the effects of ethnicity, socioeconomic status (SES) and acculturation on breast cancer screening tests. Various studies document disparities between Latina (Hispanic) and non-Latina white women in incidence and mortality rates of breast cancer, as well as survival rates. Several studies indicate that Latina women receive fewer breast cancer screening tests than non-Latina whites, possibly accounting for some of the observed differences in breast cancer mortality and survival rates. Research on acculturation (the process by which immigrant groups espouse the values, beliefs and behaviors of a dominant culture), suggests that Latino cultural values may be associated with decreased screening. Other research indicates that SES and other structural factors (e.g., access to health care) account for differences in screening. The proposed study will significantly contribute to the literature on breast cancer screening among Latina and non-Latina white women by testing theoretical models on the effects of cultural and sociodemographic factors on cancer screening, as well as the mechanisms that mediate these effects. Using data from the Cancer Control Supplement of the 1992 National Health Interview Survey, the study will examine two screening behaviors: recent mammography and clinical breast examination and among Latinas and non-Latina whites. The following research questions will be addressed: (1) What is the relationship between ethnicity, sociodemographic variables (SES, age), acculturation and cancer screening?; (2) Are ethnicity and acculturation related to breast cancer screening behaviors even when controlling for age and socioeconomic status variables? ; and (3) To what extent do cancer knowledge, beliefs about the chances of survival of cancer, and access to health care mediate the relationships between ethnicity, acculturation, SES and cancer screening? Few studies have tested mediating processes involved in the relationship between acculturation, SES, age, and screening. Furthermore, we know of no published studies which have tested mediation models among nationally representative samples of Latina and non-Latina white women in the United States.