Mental health across generations of Hispanic Americans: investigating the biomechanism of fetal programming

几代西班牙裔美国人的心理健康：调查胎儿编程的生物机制

• 批准号: 10215237
• 负责人: Kyle Steven Wiley
• 金额: $ 6.6万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-09-01 至 2023-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10215237
• 关键词: Acculturation; Address; Adolescence; Adult; Affect; Age-Months; Alcohols; Animal Model; Back; Behavioral; Biochemical; Biochemistry; Biological; Biological Assay; Biological Markers; Biology; Biosocial; Body mass index; Brain; Child; Child Development; Chronic Disease; Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone; Country; Cues; Data; Data Collection; Deterioration; Development; Dimensions; Disadvantaged; Discrimination; Early identification; Elderly; Emotional; Endocrine Physiology; Endocrinology; Environment; Epidemiological trend; Epidemiology; Fetus; Funding; Generations; Health; Hispanic Americans; Hispanics; Human; Hydrocortisone; Immigrant; Immigration; Individual; Infant; Infant Behavior; Infant Development; Inflammation; Inflammatory; Interferon Type II; Interleukin-10; Interleukin-6; Intervention; Laboratories; Learning; Life; Life Cycle Stages; Life Experience; Light; Link; Longitudinal Studies; Longitudinal prospective study; Maternal Age; Measures; Mediating; Mediation; Mental Health; Mental disorders; Methods; Minority; Minority Groups; Modeling; Mothers; Pattern; Phenotype; Physiological; Physiology; Plasma; Policies; Population; Postpartum Period; Predisposition; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Complications; Pregnant Women; Process; Protocols documentation; Psychoneuroimmunology; Psychopathology; Public Health; Questionnaires; Recording of previous events; Regulatory T-Lymphocyte; Research; Research Domain Criteria; Research Proposals; Research Training; Risk; Sampling; Signal Transduction; Social Environment; Socioeconomic Status; Statistical Data Interpretation; Stress; Temperament; Testing; Time; Tobacco; Toddler; Training; Trauma; United States; United States National Institutes of Health; Woman; base; biopsychosocial; cohort; critical period; experience; fetal; fetal programming; illicit drug use; immunoregulation; infant temperament; inflammatory marker; innovation; interest; intergenerational; life history; neglect; novel; offspring; population based; postnatal; pregnant; prenatal; prenatal stress; prepregnancy; prevent; preventive intervention; prospective; psychologic; social; social culture; social vulnerability; stressor; study population; therapy design; transmission process; trend; unborn child

PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT Epidemiological evidence demonstrates increasing rates of mental illness across generations of Hispanic Americans. Because this trend occurs alongside improvements in socio-economic status across generations, it remains largely unknown why mental illness rates should increase with each subsequent generation post-immigration. Our proposal addresses this issue by suggesting a novel hypothesis based on the concept of fetal programming, i.e., the possibility that during pregnancy, maternal life experiences are reflected in biochemical signals that influence fetal developmental trajectories. We posit that immigration, discrimination, and acculturation-related stressors may, in the case of Hispanic immigrant women who become pregnant, alter intrauterine biochemistry in ways that affect offspring developmental trajectories that manifest in greater risks of psychopathologies. Previous studies have invoked the concept of fetal programming to account for effects of maternal prenatal stress on offspring mental health. However, the majority of these studies have been conducted with low- risk populations, and stressors related to ethnic and cultural minority status have been mostly neglected. Thus, there is a need to investigate the effects of maternal prenatal socio-cultural stress on child development in contexts of social vulnerabilities. The objective of the proposed research is to examine how maternal socio-cultural stressors are related to precursors of mental health risk among 12-month age infants via gestational stress physiology. This project utilizes the study population from the Mothers’ Cultural Experiences Study, an NIH-funded longitudinal, prospective study of Hispanic immigrant women followed across pregnancy and postpartum. The first research aim will investigate maternal stressors related to immigration and minority status in a context of social vulnerability and three domains of gestational stress physiology: endocrine stress, inflammation, and immunoregulation. The second research aim will investigate the effects of maternal socio-cultural stressors on two domains of infant development that have been associated with later life psychopathology risk: temperament and social-emotional development. The findings of this research will elucidate bio-social mechanisms that contribute to patterns of social vulnerability and mental illness among Hispanic Americans and may reveal opportunities for intervention that prevent intergenerational escalation of mental illness risks in this group. This research proposal is integrated with a training plan that includes learning and practicing primary data collection with pregnant women of minority status, conducting infant developmental assessments, laboratory methods in psychoneuroimmunology, and Hispanic cultural context of health. This research and training will prepare the PI to independently conduct innovative research on the biopsychosocial mechanisms that underlie intergenerational transmission of prenatal stress among disadvantaged, minority populations.

项目总结/摘要 流行病学证据表明，在几代西班牙裔美国人中，精神疾病的发病率不断上升。 由于这一趋势是随着几代人的社会经济地位的提高而出现的，因此在很大程度上仍不为人所知 为什么精神疾病的发病率会随着移民后的每一代人而增加。我们的建议针对这一点 通过提出一种基于胎儿编程概念的新假设，即，在怀孕期间， 母亲的生活经历反映在影响胎儿发育轨迹的生化信号中。我们将其 移民，歧视和与文化适应有关的压力因素可能，在西班牙裔移民妇女的情况下， 怀孕，改变子宫内的生物化学的方式影响后代的发育轨迹，表现在更大的 精神病的风险。以前的研究已经援引了胎儿编程的概念来解释 母亲产前压力对子代心理健康的影响然而，这些研究中的大多数都是在低- 风险人口以及与族裔和文化少数群体地位有关的压力因素大多被忽视。因此，有一个 需要调查在社会背景下，母亲产前社会文化压力对儿童发育的影响， 漏洞这项研究的目的是探讨产妇的社会文化压力如何与 通过妊娠应激生理学研究12个月大婴儿心理健康风险的前兆。 这个项目利用了来自母亲文化经历研究的研究人群， 对西班牙裔移民妇女在怀孕和产后进行的纵向前瞻性研究。第一研究 aim将在社会脆弱性的背景下调查与移民和少数民族地位有关的产妇压力因素， 妊娠应激生理学的三个领域：内分泌应激、炎症和免疫调节。第二研究 aim将调查母亲的社会文化压力对婴儿发育的两个领域的影响， 与晚年精神病理学风险相关：气质和社会情感发展。这一发现 研究将阐明生物社会机制，有助于社会脆弱性和精神疾病的模式， 西班牙裔美国人，可能揭示了预防精神疾病代际升级的干预机会 这个群体的风险。 本研究建议与培训计划相结合，培训计划包括学习和实践原始数据收集 对少数群体孕妇进行婴儿发育评估， 心理神经免疫学和西班牙裔健康文化背景。该研究和培训将使PI做好准备， 独立开展关于代际传递的生物心理社会机制的创新研究 贫困的少数民族的产前压力。