International Tobacco Control Policy Survey

国际烟草控制政策调查

• 批准号: 6869130
• 负责人: GEOFFREY T FONG
• 金额: $ 59.74万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF WATERLOO
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2005
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2005-05-06 至 2008-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6869130
• 关键词: advertising; attitude; behavioral /social science research tag; clinical research; geographic difference; health behavior; health care policy; health education; health related legal; health services research tag; health surveys; international cooperation; longitudinal human study; public opinion; questionnaires; smoking; smoking cessation; social psychology; statistics /biometry; tobacco abuse prevention

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The broad objective of the proposed project is to evaluate and understand the psychosocial and behavioral effects of several national-level tobacco control policies that are scheduled or likely to be implemented in at least one of the four largest English-speaking countries--United States, Canada, United Kingdom, and Australia--over the next three years. In a prospective cohort design, the participants are 2,000+ adult smokers in each country (total N=9,013) who respond to a 45-minute telephone survey every 8 months for 5 years. The ITC survey had its successful launch in Fall 2002 and second wave in Summer 2003, and funds are being requested to continue support for Years 3-5. The survey includes measures of smoking behavior, psychosocial predictors of smoking and quitting, and policy-relevant variables in five major policy domains: (1) enhancement of warning labels, (2) elimination or restriction of the terms "light" or "mild" as cigarette brand descriptors, (3) elimination or restrictions on advertising and promotion of tobacco products, (4) changes in price and taxation, and (5) alternative nicotine products (e.g., products that heat, rather than burn, tobacco). The quasi-experimental design includes both between-country controls and within-country controls and will thus allow rigorous tests of national-level policies that heretofore have not been systematically evaluated. There are 7 specific aims: (1) to examine whether a policy introduced in one country will affect self-reported smoking behavior, in comparison to other countries where that policy is not changing, (2) to examine whether a policy introduced in one country will enhance policy-relevant psychosocial variables, that is, those that are closely related to the policy, in comparison to other countries where that policy is not changing, (3) to examine whether a policy introduced in one country will lead to enhance levels of psychosocial variables known to be related to smoking and quitting behavior, in comparison to other countries where that policy is not changing, (4) to examine whether the effects of tobacco control policies may be offset by compensatory behaviors (e.g., price increases leading to shifts toward discount brands rather than to quitting), (5) to examine whether the effects of tobacco control policies are moderated by situational and individual-difference factors, (6) to identify the psychosocial mechanisms that may explain how tobacco control policies achieve (or fail to achieve) their goals, and (7) to identify similarities and differences across the four countries in the factors that relate to smoking and cessation. This project has considerable time urgency because of the recently adopted Framework Convention on Tobacco Control-the first-ever international treaty on health-which will obligate over 190 countries (over 90% of the world's population) to tobacco control policies that will be evaluated by this project, and has the potential to inform future tobacco control policies throughout the world.

描述(由申请人提供)：拟议项目的总体目标是评估和了解几项国家级烟草控制政策的心理社会和行为影响，这些政策计划或可能在未来三年内至少在四个最大的英语国家之一--美国、加拿大、英国和澳大利亚--实施。在前瞻性队列设计中，参与者是每个国家的2000多名成年吸烟者(总计N=9013人)，他们在5年内每8个月回答一次45分钟的电话调查。国际贸易中心的调查于2002年秋季成功启动，2003年夏季启动第二波，现正请求提供资金，以便在第3至第5年继续提供支助。调查包括五个主要政策领域的吸烟行为、吸烟和戒烟的心理社会预测因素以及与政策相关的变量：(1)加强警告标签，(2)取消或限制“轻”或“轻”作为卷烟品牌描述词，(3)取消或限制烟草产品的广告和促销，(4)价格和税收的变化，以及(5)替代尼古丁产品(例如，加热而不是燃烧烟草的产品)。准试验性设计既包括国家间管制，也包括国内管制，因此将允许对国家一级的政策进行严格的测试，而这些政策在此之前尚未得到系统评价。有7个具体目标：(1)与政策没有改变的其他国家相比，检查一国引入的政策是否会影响自我报告的吸烟行为；(2)与政策没有改变的其他国家相比，检查在一个国家引入的政策是否会增加与政策相关的心理社会变量，即与该政策密切相关的那些变量；(3)与该政策没有改变的其他国家相比，检查在一个国家引入的政策是否会导致已知与吸烟和戒烟行为有关的心理社会变量水平提高，(4)研究烟草控制政策的效果是否可能被补偿行为(例如，价格上涨导致转向折扣品牌而不是戒烟)所抵消，(5)检查烟草控制政策的效果是否受到情景和个人差异因素的调节，(6)确定可能解释烟草控制政策如何实现(或未能实现)其目标的心理社会机制，以及(7)确定与吸烟和戒烟相关的因素在四个国家之间的异同。该项目具有相当大的时间紧迫性，因为最近通过的《烟草控制框架公约》--有史以来第一个关于健康的国际条约--将要求190多个国家(占世界人口的90%以上)执行烟草控制政策，该政策将由该项目进行评估，并有可能为世界各地未来的烟草控制政策提供信息。