Tobacco Policy Evaluation Across 17 Countries: The ITC Project

国际烟草控制政策评估联盟(即ITC项目)成立于2002年 目的是应用严格的评估方法来了解烟草控制政策的影响 作为《烟草控制框架公约》(FCTC)的一部分实施。研究设计结合了 准实验方法和理论定义的中介模型，允许预测如何 具体的政策将影响烟草使用的信念、态度和行为。评估的FCTC策略 作为国贸中心项目的一部分，包括：(A)加强警告标签；(B)消除“轻”、“轻”和其他 误导性描述；(C)减少或取消烟草广告、促销、赞助 (D)税收和价格的变化；(E)减少接触烟草烟雾的政策；和(F)政策 与烟草产品监管相关的变化。国际贸易中心项目目前正在15个国家进行 世界上一半以上的吸烟者居住在这里。本申请寻求资金以继续ITC项目 在泰国、马来西亚和乌拉圭等主要中等收入国家进行评估，并扩大国贸中心 印度队列调查。申请表描述了我们计划在年进行前瞻性队列调查。 每个国家/地区使用的概率抽样方法如下：--泰国和马来西亚2,000个(使用三个 阶段抽样设计)；乌拉圭为1,500人；印度为10,000人(在4个邦内)。抽样的参与者将 每年接受采访，以评估烟草使用行为、接触特定政策和调解人以及 由我们的概念模型指定的主持人变量。我们将把这四个国家的数据与 由其他来源资助的其他国家正在进行的国贸中心项目评价。这项拟议的研究有八项 目标，分为三大类：1)测试《公约》政策在不同领域的有效性 国家；2)评价政策效果的调解人和调解人；3)描述 所有ITC国家的戒烟和预测吸烟和戒烟的因素。这个 所要求的资金将使国贸中心项目得以继续并扩展到主要的低收入国家，以使我们能够 测试不同国家政策效果的普遍性。 相关性(请参阅说明)： 吸烟是过早死亡的主要原因，在低收入和中等收入(LMIC)中，它不构成 这不仅是一场迫在眉睫的健康灾难，也是对经济发展的拖累。控烟政策 通过世卫组织烟草控制框架公约执行代表着最有希望显著减轻 烟草在低收入国家的流行。

The International Tobacco Control Policy Evaluation Consortium (i.e., ITC Project), was established in 2002 with the aim of applying rigorous evaluation methods to understand the impact of the tobacco control policies implemented as part of the Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (FCTC). The study design combines quasi-experimental methods and theoretically defined mediational models that allow predictions about how specific policies will influence tobacco use beliefs, attitudes and behaviors. FCTC policies that are evaluated as part of the ITC Project include: (a) enhanced warning labels; (b) elimination of "light", "mild" and other misleading descriptors; (c) the reduction or elimination of advertising, promotion, sponsorship of tobacco products; (d) changes in taxation and price, (e) policies to reduce exposure to tobacco smoke; and (f) policy changes relevant to regulation of tobacco products. The ITC Project is now being conducted in 15 countries inhabited by over half of the world's smokers. This application seeks funding to continue the ITC Project evaluation in key middle-income countriesThailand, Malaysia, and Uruguayand to expand the ITC Cohort Survey into India. The application describes our plans for conducting prospective cohort surveys in each country using probability sampling methods as follows: -2,000 in Thailand and Malaysia (using a three- stage sampling design); -1,500 in Uruguay; and 10,000 in India (within 4 states). Sampled participants will be interviewed annually to assess tobacco use behaviors, exposure to specific policies and mediator and moderator variables specified by our conceptual model. We will link the data from these four countries with ongoing ITC Project evaluations in other countries funded by other sources. The proposed study has eight aims, which fall into three broad categories: 1) testing the effectiveness of FCTC policies in different countries; 2) evaluating mediators and moderators of policy effects, and 3) describing the natural history of smoking cessation and the factors that predict smoking and quitting across all of the ITC countries. The requested funding will allow the continuation and extension of the ITC Project into key LMICs to permit us to test the generality of policy effects across differentcountries. RELEVANCE (See instructions): Tobacco use is a major cause of premature mortality and in low and middle-income (LMICs) it constitutes not only a looming health catastrophe but also a drain on economic development. Tobacco control policies implemented through the WHO FCTC represents the best hope to significantly lessen the impact of the tobacco epidemic in LMICs.