Many-body effects in finite-time quantum thermodynamic processes

有限时间量子热力学过程中的多体效应

• 批准号: 2596277
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: University of York
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Studentship
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2021 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=studentship-2596277
• 关键词: Many; body; effects; finite; time

As in the classical world, thermodynamics will impose limits in the fabrication and operation of devices for quantum technologies. The descriptions and the laws as formulated within the conventional thermodynamics are no longer valid at the scales where these technologies are being developed. At this level energy fluctuations become important, and quantities such as work, heat, and entropy production are treated as stochastic variables. The study of the thermodynamics of quantum many-body systems remains a challenging task, as even theoretical studies may require an enormous computational power. The investigation of the thermodynamics of the emergent collective phenomena in quantum many-body systems is, without a doubt, a fascinating subject. Some discussions about quantum thermodynamic properties in many-body out-of-equilibrium systems have been reported. Recently we presented methods to calculate quantum thermodynamic properties of interacting systems subject to driving fields, where there were applied to the calculation of the averagequantum work and entropy in a Hubbard model driven by a time-dependent external potential. We also started analysing signatures of the metal- Mott-insulator transition, a many-body-driven quantum-phase transitions, in finite-time quantum thermodynamic processes, and demonstrate how increasing correlations dramatically affect the statistics of energy fluctuations and consequently the quantum work distribution of finite Hubbard chains. In particular we noted distinct effects due to the considered processes being afinite-time - not quenched - processes. Following these initial results, in thisproject we wish to capture a more general understanding of the signatures of quantum phase transitions on quantum thermodynamic properties. To this aim we will consider results from different quantum phase transitions during processes driven by various time-dependent potentials. A particular aim is to identify how finite-time processes modify the character of such signatures.

与经典世界一样，热力学将对量子技术设备的制造和操作施加限制。传统热力学中的描述和定律在发展这些技术的尺度上不再有效。在这个水平上，能量波动变得很重要，像功、热和熵产生这样的量被视为随机变量。量子多体系统的热力学研究仍然是一项具有挑战性的任务，因为即使是理论研究也可能需要巨大的计算能力。量子多体系统中涌现集体现象的热力学研究，无疑是一个引人入胜的课题。报道了有关多体非平衡系统量子热力学性质的一些讨论。最近，我们提出了计算受驱动场作用的相互作用系统的量子热力学性质的方法，其中应用于含时外势驱动的Hubbard模型中的平均量子功和平均量子熵的计算。我们还开始分析有限时间量子热力学过程中金属-莫特-绝缘体相变的特征，这是一种多体驱动的量子相变，并展示了增加的关联如何显著影响能量涨落的统计，从而影响有限Hubbard链的量子功分布。特别是，我们注意到由于所考虑的过程是有限时间而不是淬灭的过程而产生的明显影响。根据这些初步结果，在这个项目中，我们希望对量子相变对量子热力学性质的特征有一个更一般的理解。为此，我们将考虑在不同含时势能驱动的过程中不同量子相变的结果。一个特别的目标是确定有限时间过程如何修改这种签名的特征。