Cognitive Derminants of Mild Mental Retardation

轻度智力低下的认知决定因素

基本信息

批准号：
6908270
负责人：
DASEN LUO
金额：
$ 5.44万
依托单位：
INDIANA UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2004
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2004-07-01 至 2007-12-31
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Recent Studies of intelligence indicate a dominant role of basic information processing, such as that involved in tasks measuring processing speed, working memory, and certain long-term memory processes, in human intelligence. The bottom-up notion of intelligence gives rise to an entirely new perspective from which the intellectual development of school children, particularly children identified to have mild mental retardation, can be examined. Moreover, since the basic information processing components seem to involve minimum formal education and have little cultural bearing, they are likely to be the universal determinants of intellectual growth in different cultures. The proposed study intends to investigate the influence of basic information processing on the intellectual development of primary school children who are identified to have mild mental retardation in different cultural settings. More specifically, we plan to conduct a study both in the US and in Mainland China to test groups of children with mild mental retardation (projected sample size: 50 in the US and 300 in China) and groups of school children without mild mental retardation (projected sample size: 50 in the US and 700 in China) for a span of 2 years using aggregated measures of processing speed, working memory, and long-term memory processing, together with conventional intelligence tests. We will examine whether there is a distinctive cognitive composition of intelligence for the children with mild mental retardation, and whether there are subgroups of children with mild mental retardation who are predominantly deficient in some of the basic information processing components, but not the others. Because the social, cultural, and educational environment for the children with mild mental retardation and that for the children without mild mental retardation in Mainland China are both different from those in the United States, the data obtained from the proposed study may reveal the impact of social, cultural, and educational environment on mild mental retardation. The proposed project is also intended as a pilot study for a larger cross-cultural study that we plan to conduct in the near future to address similar issues from a developmental perspective.

描述（由申请人提供）：对智能的最新研究表明，基本信息处理的主要作用，例如在人类智能中涉及测量处理速度，工作记忆和某些长期记忆过程的任务。自下而上的智力概念引起了一个全新的观点，可以检查学童的智力发展，尤其是被确定患有轻度智力低下的儿童的知识发展。此外，由于基本的信息处理组件似乎涉及最低限度的正规教育，并且很少有文化轴承，因此它们可能是不同文化中智力增长的普遍决定因素。拟议的研究旨在调查基本信息处理对在不同文化环境中被确定为轻度智力降低的小学生智力发展的影响。更具体地说，我们计划在美国和中国大陆进行一项研究，以测试有轻度智力低下的儿童（预计的样本量：50个在美国和中国的300名儿童）和一群没有轻度智力障碍的小学生（预计样本量：在美国的预计50和700），使用处理速度测试的速度速度测试，以及长期记忆和长期记忆，以及惯例的差异，并进行了2年的跨度测试，并进行了惯例，并进行了惯例，并进行了记忆，并进行了记忆，并进行了智力，并进行了长期记忆，并进行了智力，并进行了智力，并使用。我们将研究是否有明显的智力认知能力为轻度智力低下的儿童以及是否有轻度智力低下的儿童亚组在某些基本信息处理组件中主要缺乏，而不是其他。由于对有轻度精神障碍的儿童的社会，文化和教育环境以及在中国大陆中没有轻度智力智能的儿童都与美国的儿童不同，因此从拟议的研究中获得的数据可能揭示了社会，文化和教育环境对轻度智力障碍的影响。拟议的项目还旨在作为一项大型跨文化研究的试点研究，我们计划在不久的将来从发展的角度来解决类似问题。