Ice Sheet - ocean interactions: Using satellite data to understand ice dynamic change
冰盖-海洋相互作用:利用卫星数据了解冰的动态变化
基本信息
- 批准号:2604214
- 负责人:
- 金额:--
- 依托单位:
- 依托单位国家:英国
- 项目类别:Studentship
- 财政年份:2021
- 资助国家:英国
- 起止时间:2021 至 无数据
- 项目状态:未结题
- 来源:
- 关键词:
项目摘要
Ice Sheet - ocean interactions: Using satellite data to understand ice dynamic changeLead Supervisor: Anna E. Hogg, University of Leeds (UoL)Co-Supervisors: Pierre Dutrieux, British Antarctic Survey; He Wang, UoL; Adrian Jenkins Northumbria UniversityOver the last 25-years, Ice sheets in Greenland and Antarctica have raised the global sea level by 1.8 cm since the 1990's, and are matching the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change's worst-case climate warming scenarios. In Greenland, mass loss from the ice sheet is dominated by high rates of surface melt during the summer, with individual extreme years having a major impact on the total sea level contribution. Satellite observations have shown that ice loss from Antarctica is dominated by dynamic imbalance in the low-lying, marine-based sectors of West Antarctica; where glaciers in the Amundsen Sea Sector have thinned, accelerated, and grounding-lines have retreated since the 1940's. Ice speedup in West Antarctica is driven by incursions of warm modified Circum-polar Deep Water (mCDW) melting the floating ice, with the interannual and long-term variability of ocean temperatures linked to atmospheric forcing associated with the El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO). The ice sheet contribution to the global sea level budget remains the greatest uncertainty in future projections of sea level rise, driven in part by positive feedbacks such as the Marine Ice Sheet Instability (MISI), and with the most extreme scenarios only possible through the onset of Marine Ice Cliff Instability (MICI). Both long term and emerging new dynamic signals must be accurately measured in order to better understand how ice sheets will change in the future. Project summary:This project offers an exciting opportunity to work at the interface of climate and space science, making an important contribution to international efforts to study the effects and impact of climate change. In this PhD, you will work closely with world-leading Earth observation experts to better understand change on the Antarctic Ice Sheet, and oceanographers who measure how the ocean impacts on ice melt. Satellite Earth Observation has revolutionized our understanding of the remote and inaccessible Polar Regions. Without this critical resource we would have a far less complete understanding of which regions are changing, the timing and pace at which events occur, and what physical mechanisms are responsible for driving change. During the last 30-years, individual ice streams in Antarctica such as Pine Island Glacier, have increased in speed by over 42% since the early 1990's, and are now known to be dynamically imbalanced. However, despite a clear long-term trend for increasing ice velocity in many regions, the observed speed up has not been constant through time, and multiple years with no significant change have also been observed. In this PhD, you will work closely with world-leading experts in satellite observations, Polar oceanography, and advanced computer techniques, to better understand the ice dynamics of the Antarctic Ice Sheet. Through supervision by Dr Hogg, you will use satellite observations to measure ice speed and then the mass balance of the Antarctic and Greenland Ice sheets, quantifying the ice sheet sea level contribution over the last 30-years. Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) data, from Earth observation satellites including ERS-1/2, TerraSAR-X and Sentinel-1, will be used to track changes in ice speed In Antarctica, using intensity feature tracking and interferometry. Through co-supervision by Dr Dutrieux at the British Antarctic Survey (BAS) your satellite observations will be combined with observations of ocean temperature, collected using seal tags, moorings, and Automatic Underwater Vehicles, in order to better understand the physical mechanisms driving this change. Through co-supervision by Dr Wang at University of Leeds, you will pioneer the use of advanced computer techniques, such as Artifici
冰盖-海洋相互作用:利用卫星数据了解冰的动态变化。霍格,利兹大学(UoL)共同导师:皮埃尔·杜特里奥,英国南极调查局;贺旺,UoL;阿德里安·詹金斯诺森比亚大学在过去的25年里,格陵兰岛和南极洲的冰盖自20世纪90年代以来已经使全球海平面上升了1.8厘米,并且与政府间气候变化专门委员会最坏情况下的气候变暖情景相匹配。在格陵兰,冰盖的质量损失主要是夏季表面融化率高,个别极端年份对海平面的总贡献有重大影响。卫星观测表明,南极洲的冰损失主要是由南极洲西部低洼的海洋部分的动态不平衡所主导的;自20世纪40年代以来,阿蒙森海部分的冰川变薄,加速,接地线已经退缩。南极洲西部的冰加速是由温暖的改性环极深水(mCDW)融化浮冰的入侵所驱动的,海洋温度的年际和长期变化与厄尔尼诺-南方涛动(ENSO)相关的大气强迫有关。冰盖对全球海平面预算的贡献仍然是未来海平面上升预测中最大的不确定性,部分原因是海洋冰盖不稳定性(MISI)等正反馈,并且只有通过海洋冰崖不稳定性(MICI)的开始才有可能出现最极端的情景。必须准确测量长期和新出现的动态信号,以便更好地了解冰盖未来的变化。项目概述:该项目为在气候和空间科学的界面上工作提供了一个令人兴奋的机会,为研究气候变化的影响和作用的国际努力做出了重要贡献。在这个博士学位,您将与世界领先的地球观测专家密切合作,以更好地了解南极冰盖的变化,以及测量海洋如何影响冰融化的海洋学家。卫星地球观测彻底改变了我们对偏远和难以到达的极地地区的理解。如果没有这一关键资源,我们将无法完全了解哪些区域正在发生变化,事件发生的时间和速度,以及哪些物理机制负责推动变化。在过去的30年里,南极洲的个别冰流,如松岛冰川,自20世纪90年代初以来,速度增加了42%以上,现在已知是动态不平衡的。然而,尽管在许多地区有明显的冰速增加的长期趋势,但观测到的冰速增加并不是一个常数,而且还观察到多年来没有显著变化。在这个博士学位中,您将与世界领先的卫星观测,极地海洋学和先进的计算机技术专家密切合作,以更好地了解南极冰盖的冰动力学。通过霍格博士的监督,你将使用卫星观测来测量冰的速度,然后南极和格陵兰冰盖的质量平衡,量化冰盖海平面在过去30年的贡献。地球观测卫星(包括ERS-1/2、TerraSAR-X和Sentinel-1)的合成孔径雷达(SAR)数据将用于跟踪南极洲冰速的变化,使用强度特征跟踪和干涉测量法。通过英国南极调查局(BAS)的Dutrieux博士的共同监督,您的卫星观测结果将与使用海豹标签,系泊设备和自动水下航行器收集的海洋温度观测结果相结合,以便更好地了解推动这种变化的物理机制。通过与利兹大学的王博士的共同监督,您将率先使用先进的计算机技术,如
项目成果
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其他文献
吉治仁志 他: "トランスジェニックマウスによるTIMP-1の線維化促進機序"最新医学. 55. 1781-1787 (2000)
Hitoshi Yoshiji 等:“转基因小鼠中 TIMP-1 的促纤维化机制”现代医学 55. 1781-1787 (2000)。
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LiDAR Implementations for Autonomous Vehicle Applications
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2021 - 期刊:
- 影响因子:0
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吉治仁志 他: "イラスト医学&サイエンスシリーズ血管の分子医学"羊土社(渋谷正史編). 125 (2000)
Hitoshi Yoshiji 等人:“血管医学与科学系列分子医学图解”Yodosha(涉谷正志编辑)125(2000)。
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Effect of manidipine hydrochloride,a calcium antagonist,on isoproterenol-induced left ventricular hypertrophy: "Yoshiyama,M.,Takeuchi,K.,Kim,S.,Hanatani,A.,Omura,T.,Toda,I.,Akioka,K.,Teragaki,M.,Iwao,H.and Yoshikawa,J." Jpn Circ J. 62(1). 47-52 (1998)
钙拮抗剂盐酸马尼地平对异丙肾上腺素引起的左心室肥厚的影响:“Yoshiyama,M.,Takeuchi,K.,Kim,S.,Hanatani,A.,Omura,T.,Toda,I.,Akioka,
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