ATTENTION PROFILES IN HEALTHY AGING AND EARLY STAGE DAT

健康老龄化和早期 DAT 的注意力概况

• 批准号: 6697843
• 负责人: David A Balota
• 金额: $ 15.39万
• 依托单位: WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2004
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2004-01-01 至 2008-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6697843
• 关键词: Alzheimer' s disease; aging; attention; biomarker; brain imaging /visualization /scanning; clinical research; cognition; comprehension; dementia; frontal lobe /cortex; human old age (65+); human subject; magnetic resonance imaging; memory; memory disorders; neural information processing; neuropsychological tests; neuropsychology; positron emission tomography; psychometrics; temporal lobe /cortex

Recent evidence suggests that components of attention may serve as early indicators of the onset of dementia of the Alzheimer type (DAT). For example, work from our current Project indicates that higher-level aspects of attentional control are deficient in the earliest stages of the disease, and that these control systems contribute to the observed memory changes. However, to date there has been relatively little work investigating systematic changes in the specific components of attention with age and DAT or the consistency of these components within individuals across different attentional measures and testing sessions. The goal of the present proposal is to target specific components of attention, and provide individual attentional profiles in an attempt to distinguish healthy aging from the earliest stages of Alzheimers Disease. The data obtained from these experiments will also be especially useful in evaluating recent evidence indicating that within-individual variability can serve as a marker for discriminating healthy aging from early stage DAT. In addition, recent evidence suggests that components of attention may be differentially affected by distinct personality types. Hence, personality traits based on the five-factor model of personality will be explored in relation to distinct attentional profiles, disease onset, and disease progression. The proposed experiments will isolate four distinct components of attention: maintenance, selection, switching, and divided attention. Based on the extant literature, three experiments will be designed to tap each of the four components of attention, yielding a battery of 12 attentional tests. Factor analytic procedures will be used to determine whether these tasks load on the predicted attentional components. In addition, we will include a brief standardized attention battery that has been recently developed (Attention Network Test) to investigate its relationship to the targeted components of attention in the present set of experiments. Seven groups of subjects will be tested during Years 1-3 in the proposed attention battery: young adults, middle-aged relatives of a DAT individual, middle-aged controls, healthy young-old adults (mean age 70 years), healthy old-old adults (mean age 85 years), very mild DAT (CDR 0.5) and mild DAT (CDR 1) individuals. In Years 4-5, approximately 70% of these individuals will be retested to provide a replication of the factor structure from Wave 1 testing and to examine the consistency of performance within individuals across testing sessions. In conjunction with data from the remaining Cores and Projects, the data from this project will serve as a cognitive marker to differentiate healthy aging from the earliest stages of the disease process.

最近的证据表明，注意力成分可能是阿尔茨海默型痴呆症(DAT)发病的早期指标。例如，我们当前项目的工作表明，在疾病的早期阶段，注意力控制的更高水平方面是不足的，这些控制系统有助于观察到的记忆变化。然而，到目前为止，研究特定领域的系统性变化的工作相对较少。 注意成分与年龄和DAT或这些成分在不同注意测量和测试阶段中个体内的一致性。本提案的目标是针对注意力的特定组成部分，并提供个人注意力概况，试图将健康老龄化与阿尔茨海默病的早期阶段区分开来。从这些实验中获得的数据也将在评估最近的 有证据表明，个体内的变异性可以作为区分健康老龄化和早期DAT的标志。此外，最近的证据表明，注意力的组成部分可能会受到不同性格类型的不同影响。因此，基于人格的五因素模型的人格特征将与不同的注意力特征、疾病的发病和疾病的进展相联系。拟议的实验将分离出注意力的四个不同组成部分：维持、选择、转换和分散注意力。在现有文献的基础上，将设计三个实验来利用这四个组成部分中的每一个 注意力，产生了12个注意力测试的电池。因素分析程序将被用来确定这些任务是否对预测的注意成分产生负荷。此外，我们将包括一个简短的标准化注意电池，这是最近开发的(注意网络测试)，以调查它与本实验中的目标注意力成分的关系。七组受试者将在#年的1-3年级进行测试 建议的注意组合：年轻人、DAT个体的中年亲属、中年对照组、健康的青壮年成年人(平均年龄70岁)、健康的老年成年人(平均年龄85岁)、非常轻微的DAT(CDR 0.5)和轻度DAT(CDR 1)。在4-5年中，大约70%的这些人将被重新测试，以提供第一波测试中的因素结构的复制，并检查在 测试过程中的个体。结合来自其余核心和项目的数据，该项目的数据将作为一个认知标记，区分健康老龄化和疾病过程的早期阶段。