High Risk Black Infants Need Their Mother's Milk MMEP

描述（由申请人提供）：低出生体重，高风险的非洲裔美国人（AA）婴儿没有得到最好的营养。与白色和西班牙裔婴儿相比，AA婴儿开始母乳喂养（提供母乳）的比率最低，与所有其他种族和族裔群体相比，早产和低出生体重婴儿的比率也最高。因此，婴儿谁将受益最大的免疫学和营养的好处，母乳是最不可能收到it. The本研究的目的是通过测试最强的干预措施，母乳教育计划（MMEP），以减少这种种族差异。MMEP结合了两种干预措施，仅这一项就增加了AA母亲的母乳喂养。第一个是具体的哺乳计划（Meier，2003），其中包括一个持续的教育、支持和母亲参与婴儿护理的计划。第二个组成部分是袋鼠护理，母亲抱着她的婴儿在她的乳房之间的皮肤皮肤，只要她愿意。在这项研究中，袋鼠护理将每周给予四次。本初步研究的具体目的是：（1）增加住院婴儿的AA母亲提供母乳的起始时间和持续时间;（2）增加AA住院婴儿母乳喂养的比例;（3）确定MMEP对婴儿生长的影响，以及（4）建立更明确研究方案的可行性。研究设计为准实验性队列研究，首先研究对照组（n =30），然后研究干预组（n = 30）。将使用有目的抽样，确保样品为100% AA。对照组的母亲接受常规护理。干预组的母亲接受与母乳供应有关的强化持续教育，每周两次与同伴顾问和哺乳顾问会面。将在出生后1、2、3和4周以及校正后40周龄时测量泌乳的开始和持续时间、母乳喂养的比例以及婴儿生长。这项研究的意义在于，按照健康人20联合办事处为母乳喂养率不足的人口提出的建议，通过增加母乳喂养的开始和持续时间来改善高危婴儿的健康。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Low-birth-weight, high-risk African-American (AA) infants do not receive the best possible nutrition. AA has the lowest rate of the initiation of breastfeeding (provision of mother's milk) when compared to white and Hispanic infants and also the highest rate of preterm and low-birth-weight infants when compared to all other racial and ethnic groups. Consequently, the infants who would benefit the most from the immuniologic and nutritional benefits of mother's milk are the least likely to receive it. The purpose of this study is to reduce this racial disparity by testing the strongest possible intervention, the Mother's Milk Education Program (MMEP). MMEP combines two interventions, which alone have increased initiation of breastfeeding for AA mothers. The first is a specific lactation program (Meier, 2003), which consists of an ongoing program of education, support and involvement of the mother in the infant's care. The second component is Kangaroo Care, where the mother holds her infant skin-to-skin between her breasts for as long as she wishes. In this study Kangaroo Care will be given four times a week. The specific aims of this pilot study are to: (1) increase the initiation and duration of provision of mother's milk by AA mothers of hospitalized infants; (2) increase the proportion of feedings that are mother's milk in AA hospitalized infants; (3) determine the effect of MMEP on infant growth, and (4) establish the feasibility of the protocol for a more definitive study. The design is a quasi-experimental cohort study with the comparison group (n =30) studied first, followed by the intervention group (n = 30). Purposive sampling will be used insure that the sample is 100% AA. Mothers in the comparison group receive routine care. Mothers in the intervention (MMEP) group receive intensive ongoing education related to the provision of mother's milk, and will meet with a peer counselor and a lactation consultant two times a week. Measurements of initiation and duration of lactation, proportion of feedings that are mother's milk and infant growth will be obtained at 1, 2,3 & 4 weeks post-birth and at 40 weeks corrected age. The significance of this study is the long-term goal of improving health of high-risk infants by increasing the initiation and duration of breastfeeding, as proposed by Healthy People 20 JO for a population where the rates of breastfeeding have been inadequate.