Human Locomotor Plasticity in Health and Disease

健康和疾病中的人类运动可塑性

• 批准号: 7099820
• 负责人: Amy J. Bastian
• 金额: $ 25.88万
• 依托单位: HUGO W. MOSER RES INST KENNEDY KRIEGER
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2006
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2006-07-01 至 2010-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7099820
• 关键词: balance; brain imaging /visualization /scanning; brain injury; brain stem; cerebellum; clinical research; electromyography; exercise; gait; human subject; human therapy evaluation; leg; limb movement; magnetic resonance imaging; medical rehabilitation related tag; nervous system disorder therapy; neural plasticity; paralysis; patient oriented research; physical therapy; rehabilitation

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Walking requires precise coordination of movement timing and scaling between the two legs. This inter-limb coordination is often disrupted after neurological injury (e.g. stroke), resulting in abnormal, asymmetric walking patterns. Recent data show that locomotor patterns can be altered through treadmill training, even after central nervous system damage, raising the possibility that abnormal inter-limb coordination could be remediated with adaptive training strategies. In this project, we will study adaptation of inter-limb coordination during walking, by using a split-belt treadmill to control walking speed of the two legs independently. Our data and the work of others suggest that inter-limb adaptation could rely, in part, on the integrity of supraspinal structures such as: 1) cerebellar-brainstem circuits and/or 2) sensorimotor regions of cerebral cortex, via the corticospinal tract. We hypothesize that inter-limb adaptation is most dependent on cerebellar-brainstem interactions. If so, people with other types of neurological damage, but with intact cerebellar function (e.g. hemiparesis), could benefit from adaptive split-belt treadmill training to correct abnormal, asymmetric walking patterns. In this project we will study locomotor adaptation mechanisms in healthy control subjects and people with focal brain damage to answer the following questions: 1) What is the human capacity for adaptation of inter-limb coordination during locomotion (dynamic range, extent of storage, and generalization to other contexts)? 2) What brain structures are critical for adaptation of inter-limb coordination during locomotion? 3) Can adaptive training improve inter-limb coordination and walking patterns in people with neurological damage? These studies will provide important new information about the neural mechanisms of locomotor adaptation, as well as providing a new rehabilitation tool for people with asymmetric gait patterns resulting from central nervous system damage (e.g. stroke, cerebral palsy). Lay summary: Walking disturbances are some of the most common problems in people who have had a stroke. In these experiments, we will work to understand how people normally coordinate the two legs to walk, how new walking patterns can be learned in short time periods, and whether people who have had damage to the brain can learn to improve walking using new rehabilitation methods. We will do this using a new type of treadmill that has two belts so that the legs can be independently controlled at different speeds.

描述（由申请人提供）：行走需要精确协调双腿之间的运动时间和缩放。这种肢体间协调通常在神经损伤（例如中风）后被破坏，导致异常，不对称的行走模式。最近的数据表明，运动模式可以通过跑步机训练改变，即使在中枢神经系统损伤后，提高了肢体间协调异常可以通过适应性训练策略进行补救的可能性。本研究将借由分带式跑步机来独立控制两条腿的步行速度，以探讨步行时肢体间协调的适应性。我们的数据和其他人的工作表明，肢体间适应可能部分依赖于脊髓上结构的完整性，例如：1）小脑-脑干回路和/或2）大脑皮层的感觉运动区，通过皮质脊髓束。我们假设，肢体间的适应是最依赖于小脑脑干的相互作用。如果是这样的话，患有其他类型神经损伤但小脑功能完好（例如轻偏瘫）的人可以从适应性分裂带跑步机训练中受益，以纠正异常，不对称的步行模式。在这个项目中，我们将研究健康对照受试者和患有局灶性脑损伤的人的运动适应机制，以回答以下问题：1）人类在运动过程中对肢体间协调的适应能力是什么（动态范围，存储程度和对其他环境的概括）？2)什么样的大脑结构对运动过程中肢体间协调的适应至关重要？3)适应性训练能否改善神经损伤患者的肢体间协调和行走模式？这些研究将为运动适应的神经机制提供重要的新信息，并为中枢神经系统损伤（例如中风，脑瘫）导致的不对称步态模式的人提供新的康复工具。概述：行走障碍是中风患者最常见的问题。在这些实验中，我们将努力了解人们通常如何协调双腿走路，如何在短时间内学习新的步行模式，以及大脑受损的人是否可以通过新的康复方法来学习改善步行。我们将使用一种新型的跑步机，它有两个皮带，这样腿就可以独立地控制在不同的速度。