Social visual pursuit with mesiofrontal-limbic lesions

近额叶边缘病变的社会视觉追求

• 批准号: 7019644
• 负责人: ANNE-PIERRE S GOURSAUD
• 金额: $ 8.45万
• 依托单位: EMORY UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2006
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2006-04-01 至 2008-01-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7019644
• 关键词: Macaca mulatta; amygdala; animal communication behavior; autism; behavior test; behavioral /social science research tag; cues; disease /disorder model; experimental brain lesion; face; frontal lobe /cortex; limbic system; neural information processing; neuropathology; neuropsychological tests; smooth pursuit eye movement; social behavior; videotape /videodisc; visual stimulus; visual tracking

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The development of proper social skills requires the ability to discern and interpret social signals arising from conspecific faces as well as that to monitor their social interactions. These basic skills are abnormal in individual with autism and may account for the profound social deficits seen in autism. Studies of social visual pursuit in adolescents and adults with autism have shown atypical patterns of visual scanning of both faces and naturalistic social situations. Autistic individuals, as opposed to normal subjects, look preferentially at the mouth than the eye area of faces and neglect crucial social and communicative cues while focusing preferentially on non-social cues. Although human as well as non-human primate studies have begun to provide some information on the key components of the neural network mediating social cognition, such as the amygdala and highly interconnected midtemporal structures and the mesial prefrontal cortex, much knowledge remains to be acquired in this domain. The overall hypothesis to be tested is whether lesion of mesiofrontal-limbic structures in adult monkeys yield to abnormal face processing and visual social orientation patterns, such as those observed in autistic individuals. The specific aims of the present application are to compare visual scanning patterns 1) to still images and videotaped clips effaces of communicating primates versus that of inanimate and animate objects and 2) to videotaped clips of naturalistic social interactions between monkeys versus inanimate background distractions in intact versus operated adult monkeys who underwent mesiofrontal-limbic lesions. This innovative study will advance our knowledge of the neurobiological basis of primate social cognition, particularly perception and identification of social signals, and thus will provide critical insights into the neural dysfunctional processes seen in autism as well as significant clues for the development of new therapies.

描述(由申请人提供)：发展适当的社交技能需要有能力辨别和解释来自相同面孔的社交信号，以及监控他们的社交互动。这些基本技能在自闭症患者中是不正常的，可能是自闭症患者严重的社会缺陷的原因。对青少年和成人自闭症患者的社会视觉追求的研究表明，对面孔和自然社交情境的视觉扫描都是非典型的模式。与正常受试者相比，自闭症患者优先关注嘴巴，而不是面部的眼睛区域，忽略了关键的社交和交流线索，而优先关注非社交线索。尽管人类和非人类灵长类动物的研究已经开始提供一些关于调节社会认知的神经网络的关键组成部分的信息，如杏仁核和高度相互连接的中颞叶结构和内侧前额叶皮质，但在这一领域仍有许多知识有待获得。有待检验的总体假设是，成年猴子的近额叶-边缘结构的损害是否会导致异常的面部加工和视觉社交取向模式，就像在自闭症患者中观察到的那样。本申请的具体目的是比较视觉扫描模式：1)与灵长类动物交流的静止图像和录像片段与无生命和有生命的物体的对比；2)与猴子之间的自然社会互动与无生命背景干扰的录像片段在完整的与手术的成年猴子之间进行比较，这些成年猴子经历了近额叶边缘损伤。这项创新性的研究将促进我们对灵长类社会认知的神经生物学基础的了解，特别是对社会信号的感知和识别，从而为自闭症的神经功能障碍过程提供关键的见解，并为开发新的治疗方法提供重要线索。