MAG. SOUR. IMAG. & THE RE-ORG. OF COGNIT. FUNCT. IN CHILDREN WITH SPINA BIFIDA

磁力。

• 批准号: 6855919
• 负责人: ANDREW C. PAPANICOLAOU
• 金额: $ 24.54万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS HLTH SCI CTR HOUSTON
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2004
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2004-12-01 至 2009-11-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6855919
• 关键词: attention; behavioral /social science research tag; brain electrical activity; brain mapping; children; clinical research; cognition; congenital nervous system disorder; developmental neurobiology; human subject; language; magnetic resonance imaging; neural information processing; neuropsychological tests; patient oriented research; perception; psychomotor function; reading; spina bifida

The objective of this proposal is to utilize magnetic source imaging (MSI) to evaluate the organization of brain functions in children with spina bifida (SB). Children with SB sustain a congenital insult to the brain that begins in the first trimester and results in hydrocephalus that is usually treated at birth. It is well-established that many children with SB have unusual profiles of cognitive ability, with strengths in word reading, math facts, and object-based visual perception in the face of difficulties with reading comprehension, math procedures, and many aspects of action-based visual perception, attention, and motor function. What is unclear is how the SB brain mediates these functions and the extent to which variations within the SB group reflect differences in cerebral reorganization. In this proposal, we propose systematic explorations of functional organization of key motor, somatosensory, language, and cognitive skills that characterize the modal profile associated with SB in a sample of 136 children with SB, 20 with aqueductal stenosis (AS), and 60 controls. Four specific aims are proposed, each representing a separate experiment. Aim 1 (Motor, somatosensory, and language mapping) attempts to identify the brain activation profiles indicative of the neuronal mechanisms that mediate basic somatosensory and motor functions of the upper extremities as well as receptive language function among 136 SB children and 60 controls. Aim 2 (Reading and arithmetic) addresses the representation of reading and math skills in 60 children with SB who vary in these skills. Aim 3 (Visual attention) addresses the role of the parietal lobe in mediating visual attention skills using a line bisection task in 40 children with SB divided according to whether they show or do not show a leftward bias on a horizontal line bisection task in Project 3, and 20 controls. Aim 4 (Rhythm discrimination) uses a rhythm perception task to assess cerebellar function in 20 children with SB characterized by early hydrocephalus and a congenital cerebellar malformation, 20 with AS characterized by early hydrocephalus, but no cerebellar malformation, and 20 controls. The results should help establish how the congenitally malformed brain reorganizes function as well as help establish the basis for the neurological mechanisms by which these functions are mediated in children with SB.

本建议的目的是利用磁源成像（MSI）来评估脊柱裂（SB）儿童的脑功能组织。患有SB的儿童在头三个月开始对大脑进行先天性损伤，并导致通常在出生时治疗的脑积水。众所周知，许多SB儿童具有不寻常的认知能力，在文字阅读、数学事实和基于物体的视觉方面具有优势 在面对阅读理解、数学程序以及基于动作的视觉感知、注意力和运动功能的许多方面的困难时的感知。目前尚不清楚的是SB大脑如何介导这些功能，以及SB组内的变化在多大程度上反映了大脑重组的差异。在这项建议中，我们提出了系统的探索功能组织的关键运动，体感，语言和认知技能的特点与SB的模式配置文件在一个样本中的136名儿童SB，20与导水管狭窄（AS），和60个控制。提出了四个具体目标，每个目标代表一个单独的实验。目的1（运动、躯体感觉和语言映射）试图确定大脑激活谱，这些谱指示调节上肢的基本躯体感觉和运动功能以及接受功能的神经元机制。 对136名SB儿童和60名对照儿童的语言功能进行了研究。目标2（阅读和算术）涉及60名SB儿童的阅读和数学技能的表征，这些技能各不相同。目的3（视觉注意）使用项目中的水平线平分任务，对40名SB儿童进行了线平分任务，并根据他们是否表现出水平线平分任务中的偏误进行了分组，以探讨顶叶在介导视觉注意技能中的作用 3、20个对照组。目的4（节奏辨别）使用节奏感知任务评估20名儿童的小脑功能，SB的特点是早期脑积水和先天性小脑畸形，20名AS的特点是早期脑积水，但没有小脑畸形，和20名对照。这些结果应该有助于确定先天畸形的大脑是如何重组功能的，也有助于建立神经学的基础。 这些功能在SB儿童中介导的机制。