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Electric Field as Novel Neuronal Interface

电场作为新型神经元接口

基本信息

批准号：
7259844
负责人：
BRUCE J GLUCKMAN
金额：
$ 32.76万
依托单位：
PENNSYLVANIA STATE UNIV HERSHEY MED CTR
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2003
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2003-06-01 至 2008-05-31
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): An applied electric field can be used to modulate a neuron' s activity. Although the advantage of employing fields for implementation in the design of neural prosthetics was recognized from invertebrate research, the field lay fallow for nearly a decade. Over the past five years, we have moved this field forward significantly. In recent papers, we have demonstrated that a DC electric field could be used to suppress or enhance epileptiform activity in hippocampal slices (Gluckman, et al., 1996a), and, when applied adaptively, could turn off seizures indefinitely (Gluckman, et al., 2001). One advantage of using electric fields to interact with neuronal networks is that, if properly instrumented, it can be done simultaneously with ongoing measurement of neuronal activity. Therefore, feedback can be easily implemented. But, one of the reasons electric fields have not been pursued is that readily available measurement and stimulation electronics are not easily adaptable for use with electric field stimulation. In addition, until recently, biocompatible electrode materials with sufficient charge passing capacity to produce sustained electric fields were not available. The aims of this project are to translate our existing seizure control techniques for chronic in vivo animal use. This will require design of instrumentation for simultaneously stimulating with electric fields and recording neuronal activity in intact brain, to establish safety limits for biocompatible electrodes under electric field stimulation, and to develop and test feedback seizure control algorithms. The instrumentation and methods developed will be prototypes of a novel neuronal interface based on electric field stimulation. Such an interface would lay the groundwork for a new generation of medical devices to treat dynamical diseases of the brain such as epilepsy, to provide an interface for neuronal prosthetics, as well as provide an arsenal of new tools for probing the complex dynamics of neuronal systems.

描述（由申请人提供）：施加的电场可用于调节神经元的活动。尽管无脊椎动物研究认识到在神经假体设计中采用场来实施的优势，但该领域闲置了近十年。在过去的五年里，我们在这一领域取得了显着的进步。在最近的论文中，我们证明了直流电场可用于抑制或增强海马切片中的癫痫样活动（Gluckman 等人，1996a），并且当适应性应用时，可以无限期地关闭癫痫发作（Gluckman 等人，2001）。使用电场与神经元网络交互的优点之一是，如果仪器正确，可以在持续测量神经元活动的同时进行。因此，反馈可以很容易地实现。但是，电场尚未被研究的原因之一是现成的测量和刺激电子器件不容易适用于电场刺激。此外，直到最近，还没有具有足够电荷传递能力以产生持续电场的生物相容性电极材料。该项目的目的是将我们现有的癫痫发作控制技术转化为慢性体内动物用途。这将需要设计仪器，用于同时用电场刺激并记录完整大脑中的神经元活动，建立电场刺激下生物相容性电极的安全限制，并开发和测试反馈癫痫控制算法。开发的仪器和方法将成为基于电场刺激的新型神经元接口的原型。这样的接口将为新一代医疗设备奠定基础，以治疗癫痫等大脑动力学疾病，为神经假体提供接口，并为探测神经系统的复杂动力学提供一系列新工具。