Investigation of soft error mitigation techniques on resource-constrained IoT Edge systems.

研究资源受限的 IoT Edge 系统上的软错误缓解技术。

• 批准号: 2659625
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Loughborough University
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Studentship
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2020 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=studentship-2659625
• 关键词: Investigation; soft; error; mitigation; techniques

Soft errors result from many effects, but the primary concern here is for those caused by radiation strikes from local sources, cosmic rays, or packaging materials contaminated with alpha emitters. The ultimate result of a soft error, regardless of its cause, is one (or more) bits flipped from their expected state. Traditional methods of detecting and correcting these occurrences include Triple Modular Redundancy (or Dual for detection only) either in software, executing the same code multiple times on the same processor and comparing the results, or in hardware, where multiple processors executed the code once and compare the result. TMR is costly, either in area, memory and power for hardware, or time, memory and power for software. Other techniques have similarly high costs. Embedded systems are often highly constrained in their resources and still subject to restrictive design requirements. Real-time systems, in particular, may not be able to afford a 3x increase in execution time to perform TMR, nor a similar increase in RAM. For remote systems, or those in inaccessible locations, a similar increase in power consumption may necessitate more frequent servicing or replacement if battery operated.

软错误是由许多影响造成的，但这里主要关注的是由当地来源的辐射打击、宇宙射线或被阿尔法发射器污染的包装材料造成的软错误。无论其原因如何，软错误的最终结果是从其预期状态翻转一个(或多个)比特。检测和纠正这些发生的传统方法包括软件中的三模冗余(或仅用于检测)，在同一处理器上多次执行相同的代码并比较结果，或者在硬件中，多个处理器执行一次代码并比较结果。无论是硬件的面积、内存和功率，还是软件的时间、内存和功率，TMR都是昂贵的。其他技术的成本也同样很高。嵌入式系统往往受到资源的高度限制，并且仍然受到限制性设计要求的约束。特别是，实时系统可能无法承受执行TMR的执行时间增加3倍，也无法承受RAM的类似增加。对于远程系统或位于难以接近的位置的系统，如果使用电池供电，由于功耗的类似增加，可能需要更频繁地进行维修或更换。