An evo-devo approach to invasive biology and adaption to climate change

预测物种如何应对气候变化，了解入侵生物学以帮助补救，这些主题与进化和发展过程有着内在的联系。为了预测适应潜力或“进化性”，必须了解性状的遗传控制，这是发育程序，以及密切相关的物种内部和之间的自然变异[1，2]。通过一起研究进化和发育生物学，并比较密切相关的物种之间的结果，进化-发育领域提供了丰富的例子来产生这样的理解。进入新的方法以前限制到"模型"系统，进化-进化领域现在是开拓性的"非模型"组，为环境研究带来了很大的希望。Crepidula fornicata是入侵英国，它正在破坏渔业，栖息地和生物多样性，并预计有一个极地转移的分布，进入苏格兰沃茨，海洋变暖。它也是一种海洋钙化者，栖息在易受气候变化（如变暖和海洋酸化）影响的沿海地区。最近的OA实验表明C.穹窿动物对严重酸化条件的适应性令人惊讶。这些发现，结合胚胎学研究的历史，在这个物种，使它成为一个理想的系统，探讨问题的弹性和适应气候变化。本项目将采取强大的evo-devo方法，并将其应用于重大环境意义的问题。它将比较C中的shell开发。本研究拟将穹窿拟步行虫与三个与拟步行虫属密切相关的物种进行比较，以解决以下问题：1.什么样的发育机制使C。与其最密切相关的非侵入性亲属相比，穹窿入侵？2.）什么样的发育机制调控壳的性状（强度、微结构和厚度），使C。与其最密切相关的亲戚相比，fornicata对海洋酸化和气候变化的适应能力更强？

The Evo-Devo ApproachPredicting how species will fare with climate change and understanding invasive biology to aid remediation and are themes intrinsically coupled to evolutionary and developmental processes. In order to predict adaptation potential or 'evolvability' the genetic control of a trait, which is developmentally programmed, and its natural variation within and between closely related species must be understood [1,2]. By studying evolutionary and developmental biology together, and comparing results between closely related species, the evo-devo field provides rich examples of generating such understanding. Access to new methods previously constrained to 'model' systems, that the evo-devo field is now pioneering in 'non-model' groups, holds great promise for environmental research.Crepidula fornicata is invasive to the UK, it is damaging fisheries, habitats and biodiversity and is predicted to have a poleward shift in distribution, into Scottish waters, with oceanic warming. It is also a marine calcifier inhabiting coastal regions vulnerable to climatic changes such as warming and ocean acidification (OA). Recent OA experiments have shown C. fornicata are surprisingly resilient to severely acidified conditions. These findings, in combination with the history of embryological study in this species, makes it an ideal system to probe questions of resilience and adaptation to climate change.This project will take the powerful evo-devo approach and apply it to questions of major environmental significance. It will compare shell development in C. fornicata to three closely related species within the genus Crepidula to address the following questions:1.) What developmental mechanisms make C. fornicata invasive compared to its most closely related non-invasive relatives?2.) What developmental mechanisms regulate the shell traits (strength, microstructures and thickness) that give C. fornicata superior resilience to ocean acidification and climate change compared to its most closely related relatives?