An evo-devo approach to invasive biology and adaption to climate change

Evo-Devo方法预测物种将如何应对气候变化，以及了解入侵生物学以帮助补救，这些都是与进化和发展过程内在联系的主题。为了预测适应潜力或“进化性”，必须了解发育编程的性状的遗传控制及其在密切相关物种内部和之间的自然变异[1，2]。通过共同研究进化生物学和发育生物学，并比较密切相关物种之间的结果，Evo-Devo领域提供了丰富的例子来产生这种理解。Evo-Devo油田现在是“非模型”群体的先驱，获得以前仅限于“模型”系统的新方法，为环境研究带来了巨大的希望。Crepidula forniata对英国来说是一种入侵，它正在破坏渔业、栖息地和生物多样性，预计其分布将向两极转移，进入苏格兰水域，伴随着海洋变暖。它也是一种海洋钙化剂，居住在沿海地区，容易受到气候变化的影响，如气候变暖和海洋酸化(OA)。最近的OA实验表明，福尼卡塔对严重酸化的条件具有惊人的适应能力。这些发现与该物种胚胎学研究的历史相结合，使其成为探索气候变化适应性和适应问题的理想系统。该项目将采用强大的Evo-Devo方法，并将其应用于具有重大环境意义的问题。它将比较叉尾轮虫和Crepidula属中三个近缘物种的贝壳发育，以解决以下问题：1)与其亲缘关系最近的非侵袭性近亲相比，是什么发育机制使金龟子具有侵袭性？是什么发育机制调节了贝壳的特征(强度、微结构和厚度)，使其与最接近的近亲相比，对海洋酸化和气候变化具有更好的适应能力？

The Evo-Devo ApproachPredicting how species will fare with climate change and understanding invasive biology to aid remediation and are themes intrinsically coupled to evolutionary and developmental processes. In order to predict adaptation potential or 'evolvability' the genetic control of a trait, which is developmentally programmed, and its natural variation within and between closely related species must be understood [1,2]. By studying evolutionary and developmental biology together, and comparing results between closely related species, the evo-devo field provides rich examples of generating such understanding. Access to new methods previously constrained to 'model' systems, that the evo-devo field is now pioneering in 'non-model' groups, holds great promise for environmental research.Crepidula fornicata is invasive to the UK, it is damaging fisheries, habitats and biodiversity and is predicted to have a poleward shift in distribution, into Scottish waters, with oceanic warming. It is also a marine calcifier inhabiting coastal regions vulnerable to climatic changes such as warming and ocean acidification (OA). Recent OA experiments have shown C. fornicata are surprisingly resilient to severely acidified conditions. These findings, in combination with the history of embryological study in this species, makes it an ideal system to probe questions of resilience and adaptation to climate change.This project will take the powerful evo-devo approach and apply it to questions of major environmental significance. It will compare shell development in C. fornicata to three closely related species within the genus Crepidula to address the following questions:1.) What developmental mechanisms make C. fornicata invasive compared to its most closely related non-invasive relatives?2.) What developmental mechanisms regulate the shell traits (strength, microstructures and thickness) that give C. fornicata superior resilience to ocean acidification and climate change compared to its most closely related relatives?