Externalizing Behavior: Genetics x Prenatal Nicotine

外化行为：遗传学 x 产前尼古丁

• 批准号: 7087058
• 负责人: Valerie S Knopik
• 金额: $ 17.53万
• 依托单位: BROWN UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2004
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2004-07-01 至 2009-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7087058
• 关键词: alcoholism /alcohol abuse; attention deficit disorder; behavioral /social science research tag; behavioral genetics; child behavior disorders; clinical research; cognition disorders; conduct disorder; disease /disorder etiology; embryo /fetus toxicology; gene environment interaction; genetic susceptibility; genotype; human data; human subject; learning disorders; maternal behavior; nicotine; oppositional defiant disorder; statistics /biometry

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Dr. Valerie Knopik, a behavior geneticist with expertise in quantitative genetics, holds a faculty position in the Department of Psychiatry at Washington University School of Medicine. A Mentored Research Scientist Development Award (K01) is solicited, to support 5 years of research on the joint effects of prenatal nicotine exposure and genetic risk factors in the etiology of externalizing behaviors in children. If granted, this award will allow Dr. Knopik a period of intensive training in molecular genetics, behavioral and physiological effects of nicotine, maternal and child psychopathology assessments, and epidemiology, which will include coursework, laboratory work, clinical exposure, and research under the sponsorship of Dr. Andrew Heath, a renowned behavioral geneticist, and Dr. Richard Todd, a renowned child psychiatrist with expertise in molecular genetics. In addition to the evidence for genetic effects on ADHD (Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder) and conduct problems, there is suggestive evidence for a role of maternal smoking during pregnancy in the risk of offspring externalizing behaviors. To develop a more comprehensive model for the etiology of externalizing behavior, one must consider the joint effects of genotype and prenatal environment. The overall goal of the research plan is to assess genotype and prenatal nicotine effects on childhood externalizing behaviors using a combination of secondary data analyses and new pilot data collection. Most studies that have focused on prenatal exposure to nicotine have implemented statistical control for other potential risk factors, but since the range of potential confounding factors is unknown, such between-mother controls are likely to be imperfect. Using an innovative within-mother comparison that focuses on externalizing disorder outcomes in offspring of mothers discordant for smoking during pregnancy (i.e., full sibling pairs discordant for prenatal nicotine exposure), the new pilot data collection can overcome many of the limitations of previous research. Dr. Knopik's long-term goal is to become an independent investigator with a program of research on prenatal substance exposure and its role in the etiology of externalizing behavior and associated learning and cognitive deficits, and to identify genes (both maternal and offspring) that may affect childhood outcomes of maternal substance use during pregnancy.

描述（由申请人提供）： 博士Valerie Knopik是一位在数量遗传学方面有专长的行为遗传学家，在华盛顿大学医学院精神病学系担任教职。征求指导研究科学家发展奖（K01），以支持对产前尼古丁暴露和遗传风险因素在儿童外化行为病因学中的联合影响的5年研究。如果获得批准，该奖项将允许Knopik博士在分子遗传学，尼古丁的行为和生理影响，孕产妇和儿童精神病理学评估以及流行病学方面进行一段时间的强化培训，其中包括课程作业，实验室工作，临床暴露以及由着名行为遗传学家Andrew Heath博士和Richard托德博士赞助的研究。一位在分子遗传学方面有专长的著名儿童精神病学家除了遗传对注意力缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）和行为问题的影响外，还有证据表明母亲在怀孕期间吸烟对后代外化行为的风险有影响。为了建立一个更全面的模型来解释外化行为的病因，我们必须考虑基因型和产前环境的共同影响。研究计划的总体目标是评估基因型和产前尼古丁对儿童外化行为的影响，使用二级数据分析和新的试点数据收集相结合。大多数关注产前尼古丁暴露的研究已经对其他潜在风险因素进行了统计控制，但由于潜在混杂因素的范围未知，这种母亲间的控制可能是不完善的。使用一种创新的母亲内比较，重点关注妊娠期间吸烟不一致的母亲的后代的外部障碍结果（即，出生前尼古丁暴露不一致的全同胞对），新的试点数据收集可以克服以前研究的许多局限性。Knopik博士的长期目标是成为一名独立的调查员，研究产前物质暴露及其在外化行为病因学中的作用以及相关的学习和认知缺陷，并确定可能影响怀孕期间母亲使用物质的儿童结局的基因（包括母亲和后代）。