Exploration, conservation, and development of marine bi*

海洋生物的勘探、保护和开发*

• 批准号: 7128540
• 负责人: MARK E HAY
• 金额: $ 81.38万
• 依托单位: GEORGIA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2005
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2005-09-29 至 2009-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7128540
• 关键词: Exploration; conservation; development; marine; bi

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Overall objectives are to discover small molecule drug leads against a targeted group of diseases critical to developing nations and to the United States, by using ecological insights to guide the investigation of novel natural products from biodiverse coral reef organisms and marine microbes of Fiji. The project also helps build local institutions and attitudes to conserve marine biodiversity of the South Pacific, and undertakes this goal in ways that provide positive economic incentives for the owners of these marine environments. These efforts will found the South Pacific Center for Biodiversity Conservation and Drug Discovery at the University of the South Pacific (USP). This center will serve the 12 island nations that own USP (Cook Islands, Fiji, Kiribati, Marshall Islands, Nauru, Niue, Samoa, Solomon Islands, Tokelau, Tonga, Tuvalu and Vanuatu), and be an independent and self-sustaining unit by the end of the ICBG grant. Specific aims are: To collect, extract, and bioassay 500 samples from marine actinomycetes and 500 samples from coral reef plants and invertebrates each year. To use ecological approaches to induce a greater diversity and potency of natural products from marine organisms for exploration as drug leads. To perform bioassay-guided isolation of active constituents and determine the structure of 25 new bioactive molecules per year. To test these novel natural products against cancer, malaria, HIV-AIDS, tuberculosis, and other infectious disease-causing organisms including drug-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecium, and Candida albicans. To promote scientifically-informed coral reef conservation, management, biological monitoring, and alternative income generation that is biodiversity-based and ecologically sustainable. To transfer appropriate technology to Fiji and the proposed South Pacific Center for Biodiversity Conservation and Drug Discovery.

描述（由申请人提供）：总体目标是通过使用生态学见解指导对斐济生物多样性珊瑚礁生物和海洋微生物的新型天然产物的研究，发现针对发展中国家和美国关键疾病的目标群体的小分子药物线索。该项目还帮助建立当地机构和态度，以保护南太平洋的海洋生物多样性，并以向这些海洋环境的所有者提供积极的经济奖励的方式实现这一目标。这些努力将在南太平洋大学（USP）成立南太平洋生物多样性保护和药物发现中心。该中心将为拥有南太平洋大学的12个岛屿国家（库克群岛、斐济、基里巴斯、马歇尔群岛、瑙鲁、纽埃、萨摩亚、所罗门群岛、托克劳、汤加、图瓦卢和瓦努阿图）提供服务，并在ICBG赠款结束时成为一个独立和自我维持的单位。具体目标是：每年收集、提取和生物测定海洋放线菌样品500份，珊瑚礁植物和无脊椎动物样品500份。采用生态方法，从海洋生物中开发出更多的多样性和潜力更大的天然产品，作为先导药物进行勘探。进行活性成分的生物测定引导分离，并确定每年25个新的生物活性分子的结构。测试这些新的天然产物对癌症，疟疾，艾滋病，结核病和其他传染性疾病的病原体，包括耐药金黄色葡萄球菌，屎肠球菌和白色念珠菌。促进科学知情的珊瑚礁保护，管理，生物监测，以及基于生物多样性和生态可持续性的替代创收。向斐济和拟议的南太平洋生物多样性保护和药物发现中心转让适当技术。