Mentoring the Responsible Conduct of Research

描述（由申请人提供）：在过去的20年里，已经形成了一个共识，即负责任的研究行为（RCR）对科学企业及其利益相关者——联邦政府、科学学科、个人研究人员、机构、研究生学员和公众——的持续健康至关重要（NAS, 1995； PHS, 2000）。RCR包括遵守科学的规则、条例、规范和实践。在大学里，科学的价值直接通过他们的研究导师传递给研究生，也间接通过他们所参加的院系项目的规则、程序和一般的RCR氛围传递给研究生。美国心理协会目前有超过63,000名需要科学培训的博士成员，每年约有1,000名新博士进入该领域。像其他科学一样，心理学研究对公众健康和福利的直接贡献增加了公众的知名度，特别是在科学不端行为的情况下。尽管研究心理学家在开发心理测量学上有效的工具来理解和评估RCR训练方面受过独特的训练，但在负责任的心理学研究行为中，导师和院系氛围对研究生社会化的作用尚未得到检验。这个为期两年的项目的总体目标是开发和验证基于网络的自我报告工具，以了解研究生如何在涉及人类受试者的心理学研究中负责任的行为。这个为期两年的项目将利用一般的RCR理论和经验数据基础，特别是心理学研究的伦理标准，开发和验证测量两个假设影响学生RCR习得的结构的工具：RCR心理辅导和RCR心理学系氛围。此外，本研究也将开发一套测量心理学系学生的RCR准备程度的工具。在建立了信度和效度之后，我们将使用这些工具来检验基于理论的预测，即RCR指导和RCR部门氛围分别和共同影响心理学研究生对其在科学职业中独立应用RCR核心原则的能力的信心。该项目的长期目标是提供心理测量学上有效的RCR指导、RCR机构氛围和学生感知的RCR能力的测量方法，供心理学系在自修中使用，旨在改善科学诚信教育，并使其他学科能够开始适应自己的培训需求。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Over the past 20 years a consensus has developed that the responsible conduct of research (RCR) is vital for the continued health of the scientific enterprise and its stakeholders-the federal government, scientific disciplines, individual researchers, institutions, graduate trainees, and the public (NAS, 1995; PHS, 2000). RCR encompasses adherence to the rules, regulations, norms and practices of science. Within universities the values of science are directly transmitted to graduate students through their research mentors and indirectly through the rules, procedures, and general RCR climate of the departmental program in which they are enrolled. There are over 63,000 current members of the American Psychological Association with Ph.D.s that required science training and approximately 1,000 new Ph.D.s enter the field each year. Like other sciences, the direct contributions of psychological research to public health and welfare have increased heightening its public visibility especially in cases of scientific misconduct. Despite the fact that research psychologists are uniquely trained to develop psychometrically valid instruments to understand and evaluate RCR training, there has been no examination of the role of mentorship and departmental climate on the socialization of graduates students in the responsible conduct of psychological research. The broad goal of this 2-year project is to develop and validate web-based self-report instruments to understand how graduate students are socialized in the responsible conduct of psychological research involving human subjects. Drawing upon the small but growing theoretical and empirical data base on RCR in general and ethical standards for psychological research in particular this 2-year project will develop and validate instruments measuring 2 constructs hypothesized to influenced student RCR acquisition: RCR Mentoring In Psychology and the RCR Psychology Department Climate. An instrument to measure Psychology Students' Perceived RCR Preparedness will also be developed. After reliability and validity has been established the instruments will be used to test the theory-based prediction that RCR mentoring and RCR department climate function individually and jointly to influence psychology graduate students' confidence in their ability to independently apply core RCR principles in their science careers. The broad long-term goal of this project is to provide psychometrically validated measures of RCR mentoring, RCR institutional climate, and students' perceived RCR competencies for use by psychology departments in self-studies designed to improve science integrity education and that other disciplines can begin to adapt to their own training needs.