Surrogate models for substructure fatigue load estimation of offshore wind turbines

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The wind power industry has witnessed a growing demand for cleaner energy resources, with an increasingly strong aspiration to provide the world with a low-cost and low carbon footprint energy source. Cost effectiveness has been the primary driving force in making wind power competitive compared to fossil fuel energy generation. Wind turbine substructures are among the most expensive and intrincate parts of the wind turbine, typically constructed using different materials such as concrete or steel. With sizes that vary depending on the specific turbine model and site conditions, substructure can extend several meters in diameter and tens of meters in height. With these substantial structures, the aerodynamic loads and structural damping becomes an increasingly critical feature to analyze. The accurate modelling then is crucial for optimizing the performance and stability of substructures in wind power systems and in order to expedite the design process, the development of surrogate models holds great importance. Surrogate models, created through data-driven and physics-based approaches, can approximate the behavior and response of substructures allowing for faster evaluations and iterations. By utilizing surrogate models, engineers can save time and resources, accelerating the design optimization and decision-making processes in wind power projects.