Defining barley varietal traits for climate change mitigation and adaptation with emphasis on reduced inputs and variable water

确定减缓和适应气候变化的大麦品种特征，重点是减少投入和可变水

• 批准号: 2763641
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: University of Dundee
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Studentship
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2022 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=studentship-2763641
• 关键词: Defining; barley; varietal; traits; climate

Climate change and society's reaction to it will, both directly and indirectly, push agricultural production to have to function in increasingly marginal conditions. We need to utilise the crop diversity available to generate the improved crop varieties that will be adapted to these marginal conditions while at the same time mitigating climate change by reducing N inputs. Understanding the yield architecture under reduced inputs (nitrogen and water) will be key to the future breeding of such varieties and to managing both nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) and in reducing greenhouse gas emissions from agriculture. The genetic control of nitrogen uptake and utilisation will underpin the realised NUE and resilience to abiotic stress, such as variation in water availability, will be key to adaptation. This project will quantify a range of above and below ground traits associated with climate change mitigation and adaptation, in relevant populations of barley. This study will therefore include detailed dissection of yield architecture and partition of nitrogen as well as an overview of root system architecture. There are a number of barley populations that are available to the project, but the focus will begin on a Nested Association Mapping (NAM) population produced by KWS using 12 donor parents including barley landraces from a range of environments with a range of inherent stress. This population has been extensively genotyped and a working population of 89 lines has been selected from 352 lines. Importantly previous field trialling has already indicated that this subset includes introgressions from the landrace/older varietal parents that have a beneficial effect on yield and yield stability over a range of environments. Initial research will focus on this core set of lines and derived material. In the preliminary experiments the candidate will subject the NAM population to a range of reduced N and variable water availability treatments (field or CE?). Data will be used to derive QTLs for tolerance to reduced N inputs, water stress and a combination of both stresses and their association with a range of developmental and morphological traits. These initial studies will guide subsequent experimentation that will include glasshouse and field phenotyping and molecular physiological studies. The PhD candidate will have the opportunity to develop the project further in the direction of genetics/genomics, plant physiology and nitrogen use and will have the opportunity to work closely with scientists and breeders in KWS, the commercial partner.

气候变化和社会对气候变化的反应将直接或间接地推动农业生产在日益边缘化的条件下发挥作用。我们需要利用现有的作物多样性来生产改良的作物品种，这些品种将适应这些边际条件，同时通过减少氮的投入来减缓气候变化。了解减少投入（氮和水）下的产量结构将是未来培育此类品种的关键，也是管理氮利用效率（NUE）和减少农业温室气体排放的关键。氮素吸收和利用的遗传控制将支撑实现的NUE和对非生物胁迫的恢复力，如水供应的变化，将是适应的关键。该项目将量化一系列与缓解和适应气候变化相关的大麦地上和地下性状。因此，本研究将包括详细解剖的产量结构和氮分配以及根系结构的概述。有一些大麦种群可用于该项目，但重点将开始在巢式关联作图（NAM）人口由KWS使用12个供体父母，包括大麦地方品种从一系列的环境与一系列的内在压力。该群体已被广泛地基因分型，并且从352个品系中选择了89个品系的工作群体。重要的是，以前的田间试验已经表明，该子集包括来自地方品种/老品种亲本的渐渗，其在一系列环境中对产量和产量稳定性具有有益影响。最初的研究将集中在这一核心系列的线和衍生材料。在初步实验中，候选人将受到NAM人口的一系列减少氮和可变水的可用性处理（现场或CE？）。数据将被用来推导QTL的耐受性减少N输入，水分胁迫和这两种压力的组合和它们的关联与一系列的发展和形态性状。这些初步研究将指导随后的实验，包括温室和田间表型分析和分子生理学研究。博士候选人将有机会在遗传学/基因组学，植物生理学和氮肥利用方面进一步发展该项目，并将有机会与商业合作伙伴KWS的科学家和育种家密切合作。